Multiple Choice Questions

1) the phenomenon in Schizophrenia, known as 'downward drift' means which of the following?

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Correct! Downward Drift : A phenomenon in which individuals exhibiting psychotic symptoms fall to the bottom of the social ladder or even become homeless because they cannot hold down a job or sustain a relationshipIncorrect.
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2) Historically, Dementia praecox was a disease first identified by?

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b)
c)
d)
Correct! Dementia Praecox: An early, general term for a number of diagnostic concepts including paranoia, catatonia and hebephrenia (symptoms indicative of incoherence and fragmentation of personality).Incorrect.
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3) In Schizophrenia psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations delusions, disorganised speech and grossly disorganised or catatonic behaviours are known as:

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b)
c)
d)
Correct! Positive Symptoms: Characteristics of psychotic symptoms which tend to reflect an excess or distortion of normal functionsIncorrect.
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4) Misinterpretation of perceptions or experiences in Schizophrenia are known as:

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c)
d)
Correct! Delusions: Firmly held but erroneous beliefs that usually involve a misinterpretation of perceptions or experiencesIncorrect.
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5)In Schizophrenia when an individual believes they are in danger, this is referred to as:

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b)
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d)
Correct! Delusions of Persecution: Delusions in which the individual believes they are being persecuted, spied upon, or are in danger (usually as the result of a conspiracy of some kind).Incorrect.
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6) Which of the following refers to when an individual with Schizophrenia believes they are someone with fame or power?

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Correct!Delusions of Grandeur: Delusions in which the individual believes they are someone with fame or power (e.g. Jesus Christ, or a famous music star).Incorrect.
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7) In Schizophrenia the when an individual believes that messages are being sent directly to him or her, this is referred to as:

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Correct! Delusions of Reference: Delusions where the individual believes that independent external events are making specific reference to them.Incorrect.
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8) Which of the following ways might hallucinations be experienced in Schizophrenia,?

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b)
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d)
Correct!Hallucinations: A sensory experience in which a person can see, hear, smell, taste or feel something that isn't thereIncorrect.
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9) In Schizophrenia a reality-monitoring deficit refers to which of the following:

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b)
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Correct! Reality-Monitoring Deficit: Where an individual has a problem distinguishing between what actually occurred and what did not occurIncorrect.
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10) Which of the following come under the term disorganised speech In Schizophrenia?

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b)
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Correct!Disorganised Speech: A common symptom of psychosis that can take a number of forms (e.g. clanging, word salads, etc.)Incorrect.
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11) In schizophrenia when an individual has disorganised speech the term 'clanging' refers to:

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Correct! Clanging: A form of speech pattern in schizophrenia where thinking is driven by word sounds. For example, rhyming or alliteration may lead to the appearance of logical connections where none in fact existsIncorrect.
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12) 'poverty of content' in Schizophrenia is when::

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Correct! Poverty of Content: A characteristic of the conversation of individuals suffering psychosis in which their conversation is prone to jump from one topic to the next on the basis of loose or irrelevant associations between words or ideasIncorrect.
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13) Catatonic Behaviour in Schizophrenia is characterised by which if the following:

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b)
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d)
Correct! Catatonic Behaviour: Behaviour characterised by a significant decrease in reactivity to the environment (catatonic stupor), maintaining rigid, immobile postures (catatonic rigidity), resisting attempts to be moved (catatonic negativism), or purposeless and excessive motor activity that often consists of simple, stereotyped movements (catatonic excitement or stereotypy)Incorrect.
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14) Grossly Disorganised Behaviour in Schizophrenia is characterised by which of the following?

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d)
Correct!Disorganised Schizophrenia: A sub-type of Schizophrenia in which disorganised speech, disorganised behaviour and flat or inappropriate affect are distinguishing features.Incorrect.
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15) Affective flattening in Schizophrenia Is characterised by which of the following

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Correct! Affective Flattening: Limited range and intensity of emotional expression; a "negative" symptom of schizophrenia.Incorrect.
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16) In Schizophrenia, the term anhedonia refers to?

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Correct! Anhedonia: An inability to react to enjoyable or pleasurable eventsIncorrect.
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17) Paranoid schizophrenia is a sub-type of Schizophrenia which is characterised by:

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b)
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d)
Correct! Paranoid Schizophrenia: A sub-type of Schizophrenia characterised by the presence of delusions of persecution.Incorrect.
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18) ) A sub-type of Schizophrenia known as Catatonic schizophrenia is characterised by:

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b)
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d)
Correct! Catatonic Schizophrenia: A sub-type of Schizophrenia characterised by severe disturbances of motor behaviour, including immobility, excessive motor activity (including violent behaviour), extreme negativism, mutism, peculiarities of voluntary movement, echolalia (repeating what is said by others), or echopraxia (imitating the behaviour and movements of othersIncorrect.
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19) A sub-type of Schizophrenia known as Residual Type schizophrenia is characterised by:

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b)
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d)
Correct! Residual Type: A category of Schizophrenia when the individual has experienced at least one previous psychotic episode and there is currently a lack of prominent positive symptoms (e.g. delusions, hallucinations, disorganised speech, etc.) but there is evidence of on-going negative symptoms (e.g. flat affect, poverty of speech, etc).Incorrect.
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20)In the Prodromal stage in Schizophrenia which of the following symptoms are evident:

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Correct! Prodromal Stage: The slow deterioration from normal functioning to the delusional and dysfunctional thinking characteristic of many forms of schizophrenia, normally taking place over an average of 5 yearsIncorrect.
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21) In the Active Stage in Schizophrenia which of the following symptoms are evident?

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b)
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d)
Correct!Active Stage: The stage in which an individual begins to show unambiguous symptoms of psychosis, including delusions, hallucinations, disordered speech and communication, and a range of full-blown symptoms.Incorrect.
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22) In Schizophrenia the diathesis-stress perspective refers to which combination?

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Correct! Diathesis-Stress: The perspective that psychopathology is thought to be caused by a combination of a genetically-inherited biological diathesis (a biological predisposition to schizophrenia) and environmental stressIncorrect.
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23) When blood samples are collected in order to study the inheritance patterns within families that have members diagnosed with schizophrenia. This is known as:

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Correct! Genetic Linkage Analyses: Analyses involving comparisons of the inheritance of characteristics for which gene location is well known (e.g. eye colour) with the inheritance of symptoms of psychopathologyIncorrect.
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24) The biochemical theory of schizophrenia known as the Dopamine hypothesis refers to:

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d)
Correct! Dopamine Hypothesis: A theory which argues that the symptoms of schizophrenia are related to excess activity of the neurotransmitter dopamineIncorrect.
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25) Antipsychotic drugs such as the phenothiazines are used to help treat Schizophrenia, by:

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Correct! Phenothiazines: A group of antipsychotic drugs that help to alleviate the symptoms of psychosis by blocking the brain's dopamine receptor sites and so reduce dopamine activity.Incorrect.
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26) Amphetamine psychosis results in disturbed behaviour patterns by:

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Correct! Amphetamine Psychosis : A syndrome in which high doses of amphetamines taken for long periods of time produce behavioural symptoms in humans and animals that closely resemble symptoms of psychosis.Incorrect.
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27) According to psychodynamic theories of Schizophrenia psychosis is caused by regression to a previous ego state. This is known as:

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Correct! Primary Narcissism: Regression to a previous ego state which gives rise to a preoccupation with the self Incorrect.
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28) Individuals with Schizophrenia who cannot infer the beliefs, attitudes and intentions of others are said to lack:

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Correct! Theory of Mind: The ability to understand one's own and other people's mental states.Incorrect.
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29) in the sociogenic hypothesis of Schizophrenia which of the following are factors?

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Correct! Sociogenic Hypothesis: The theory that individuals in low socioeconomic classes experience significantly more life stressors than individuals in higher socioeconomic classes, and these stressors are associated with unemployment, poor educational levels, crime and poverty generally.Incorrect.
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30) Social labelling' in Schizophrenia is characterised by which of the following features?

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Correct! Social Labelling: The theory that the development and maintenance of psychotic symptoms is influenced by the diagnosis itself.Incorrect.
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