Multiple Choice Questions

1) Which of the following is an example of a Specific Learning Disability?

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Dyslexia: A persistent, chronic condition in which reading ability lags behind that of non-impaired individuals for the course of most of their lifetime.Incorrect.
Check your answer

2) Which of the following is an example of an intellectual disability?

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Mental Retardation: A DSM-IV-TR defined disorder in which an individual has significantly below average intellectual functioning characterised by an IQ of 70 or below.Incorrect.
Check your answer

3) An example of a Developmental Disorder is:

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD): An umbrella term that refers to all disorders that display autistic style symptoms across a wide range of severity and disability.Incorrect.
Check your answer

4) Reading Disorder is a developmental disorder and is characterised by reading achievement (e.g. accuracy, speed and comprehension) being significantly below standards expected for which of the following

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Reading Disorder: A specific learning disability characterised by the accuracy, speed and comprehension of reading being significantly below standards expected for chronological age and IQ.Incorrect.
Check your answer

5) In learning disabilities, the name for mathematical disorder is:

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Mathematics Disorder (Dyscalculia): A specific learning disability characterised by mathematical ability being substantially below norm for chronological age, intelligence, and educational level.Incorrect.
Check your answer

6) Which of the following may occur in Expressive Language Disorder?

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Expressive Language Disorder: A specific learning disability in which scores on tests of expressive language development are substantially below those for chronological age, intelligence, and educational level.Incorrect.
Check your answer

7) Which of the following is NOT a physical cause often associated with Phonological disorder?

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Frontal Lobes: One of four parts of the cerebrum that control voluntary movement, verbal expressions, problem solving, one's will power, and planning.Incorrect.
Check your answer

8) Which of the following is the percentage of pre-school children who are diagnosed with a phonological disorder of unknown origin?

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Phonological Disorder: A specific learning disability characterised by the failure to use developmentally expected speech sounds that are appropriate for age and dialect.Incorrect.
Check your answer

9) Stuttering is a disturbance in the normal fluency and time patterning of speech that is inappropriate for the individual's age. It involves which of the following?

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Stuttering: A disturbance in the normal fluency and time patterning of speech that is inappropriate for the individual's age.Incorrect.
Check your answer

10) Treatment of communication disorders is normally the domain of speech therapists and related disciplines, and a range of successful treatment programmes and equipment are available for disabilities such as phonological disorder and stuttering (Saltuklaroglu & Kalinowski, 2005; Law, Garrett & Nye, 2004). For example, hand-held equipment can provide which of the following?

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Altered Auditory Feedback (AAF): A form of treatment for stuttering in which delayed auditory feedback or a change in frequency of the voice is given to the client when they are speaking.Incorrect.
Check your answer

11) Which of the following is a technique used to address stuttering?

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Prolonged Speech: A set of techniques used to address stuttering which teaches the sufferer a set of new speech patterns that result in changes in the phrasing and articulation of speech and of the respiratory patterns produced while speakingIncorrect.
Check your answer

12) Which of the following criteria can be used to define Intellectual disabilities?

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Intellectual Disabilities: A modern term replacing Mental Retardation to describe the more severe and general learning disabilities.Incorrect.
Check your answer

13) In DSM-IV-TR intellectual disabilities are divided into a number of degrees of severity, depending primarily on the range of IQ score provided by the sufferer. One of these is Mild Mental Retardation, corresponding to an IQ score between:

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Mild Mental Retardation: Mental retardation as defined by DSM-IV-TR represented by an IQ score between 50-55 to 70.Incorrect.
Check your answer

14) In DSM-IV-TR intellectual disabilities are divided into a number of degrees of severity, depending primarily on the range of IQ score provided by the sufferer. One of these is Moderate Mental Retardation, represented by an IQ score between:

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Moderate Mental Retardation: Mental retardation as defined by DSM-IV-TR represented by an IQ score between 35-40 to 50-55.Incorrect.
Check your answer

15) In DSM-IV-TR intellectual disabilities are divided into a number of degrees of severity, depending primarily on the range of IQ score provided by the sufferer. One of these is Severe Mental Retardation, represented by an IQ score between:

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Severe Mental Retardation: Mental retardation as defined by DSM-IV-TR represented by an IQ score between 20-25 to 35-40.Incorrect.
Check your answer

16) In DSM-IV-TR intellectual disabilities are divided into a number of degrees of severity, depending primarily on the range of IQ score provided by the sufferer. One of these is Profound Mental Retardation, represented by an IQ score below:

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Profound Mental Retardation: Mental retardation as defined by DSM-IV-TR represented by an IQ score below 20-25.Incorrect.
Check your answer

17) In the UK, the Special Education Needs & Disability Act of 2001 extended the rights of individuals with intellectual disabilities to be educated in mainstream schools. Schools are now required to draw up which of the folloing in order to facilitate the inclusion of pupils with intellectual disabilities and to make reasonable adjustments so that they are not disadvantaged?

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Accessibility Strategies: Programmes that extend the rights of individuals with intellectual disabilities to be educated according to their needs in mainstream schoolsIncorrect.
Check your answer

18) Individuals with Down Syndrome often have moderate to severe intellectual impairment with a measurable IQ usually between:

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Down Syndrome: A disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21 and characterized by mental retardation and distinguishing physical features.Incorrect.
Check your answer

19) Which of the following procedures can be used to identify Down Syndrome pre-natally?

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Amniocentesis: A procedure which involves extracting and analysing the pregnant mother's amniotic fluid used pre-natally in identifying Down Syndrome in high-risk parentsIncorrect.
Check your answer

20) Fragile X syndrome is associated with which of the following?

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Fragile X Syndrome: A chromosomal abnormality that causes intellectual disability where the X chromosome appears to show physical weaknesses and may be bent or brokenIncorrect.
Check your answer

21) Which of the following is an example of a peri-natal cause of intellectual disability when there is a significant period without oxygen occurring during or immediately after delivery?

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Anoxia: A peri-natal cause of intellectual disability which is a significant period without oxygen occurring during or immediately after deliveryIncorrect.
Check your answer

22) Which of the following is the main neurological birth syndrome caused by anoxia?

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Cerebral Palsy: The main neurological birth syndrome caused by anoxia which is characterised by motor symptoms that affect the strength and coordination of movement.Incorrect.
Check your answer

23) Which of the following is a form of child abuse that is known to cause intellectual disability?

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Shaken Baby Syndrome: A form of child abuse that is known to cause intellectual disability. This refers to traumatic brain injury that occurs when a baby is violently shakenIncorrect.
Check your answer

24) The quality of life of people with intellectual disabilities can be improved significantly with the help of basic training procedures that will equip them with a range of skills depending on their level of disability. The application of learning theory to training in these areas is also known as:

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Applied Behaviour Analysis: Applying the principles of learning theory (particularly operant conditioning) to the assessment and treatment of individuals suffering psychopathologyIncorrect.
Check your answer

25) Inappropriate, life-threatening or challenging behaviours may be inadvertently maintained by reinforcement from others in the environment. Which of the following is a process that can be carried out in order to help identify the factors maintaining the behaviour?

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Functional Analysis: The use of operant conditioning principles used to try and understand what rewarding or reinforcing factors might be maintaining behaviourIncorrect.
Check your answer

26) Many individuals with intellectual disabilities are conscientious and valued workers employed in which of the normal work environments. Individuals with more specific needs may need to pursue employment within:

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Sheltered Workshops: Settings which provide individuals with intellectual disabilities with employment tailored to their own needs and abilitiesIncorrect.
Check your answer

27) Disorders which are characterised by serious abnormalities in the developmental process, fall under the heading of pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) and are usually associated with impairment in several areas of development. From early infancy, some children will exhibit a spectrum of developmental impairments and delays that include which of the following?

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDDs): A group of disorders which are characterised by serious abnormalities in the developmental process, usually associated with impairment in several areas of development. The most commonly diagnosed PDDs are Autistic Disorder (Autism), Rett's Disorder, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder, and Asperger's SyndromeIncorrect.
Check your answer

28) Early manifestation of symptoms such as severe impairment in social interaction and in communication can be diagnosed as which of the following?

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Infantile Autism: Early manifestations of the symptoms of Autistic DisorderIncorrect.
Check your answer

29) In autistic spectrum disorder when as individual exhibits immediate imitation of words or sounds they have just heard, this is known as:

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Echolalia: The immediate imitation of words or sounds that have just been heardIncorrect.
Check your answer

30) When an individual with multiple cognitive disabilities has extraordinary proficiency in one isolated skill, this is known as?

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Savant Syndrome: The phenomenon of extraordinary proficiency in one isolated skill in individuals with multiple cognitive disabilities. It appears to be closely linked to autistic spectrum disorder and is frequently found in Asperger's syndromeIncorrect.
Check your answer