Multiple Choice Questions

1) Which of the following is a diagnostic criterion for anorexia nervosa in DSM-IV-TR?

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Correct! Anorexia Nervosa (AN): An eating disorder, the main features of which include a refusal to maintain a minimal body weight, a pathological fear of gaining weight and a distorted body image in which sufferers continue to insist they are overweight.Incorrect.
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2) In Restricted Type anorexia nervosa, self-starvation is NOT associated with which of the following?

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b)
c)
d)
Correct! Restricted Type AN: A type of anorexia nervosa in which self-starvation is not associated with concurrent purging (e.g. self-inducing vomiting or use of laxatives).Incorrect.
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3) In Binge-Eating/Purging Type anorexia nervosa, self-starvation is associated with:

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b)
c)
d)
Correct! Binge-Eating/Purging Type AN: A type of eating disorder in which the sufferer regularly engages in purging activities to help control weight gain.Incorrect.
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4) High rates of comorbidity exist between anorexia and other Axis I and Axis II disorders. What percentage of anorexia sufferers who also have a lifelong diagnosis of major depression?

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b)
c)
d)
Correct! Major Depression: A psychological problems characterised by relatively extended periods of clinical depression which cause significant distress to the individual and impairment in social or occupational functioning.Incorrect.
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5) In Bulimia Nervosa, the purging sub-type, vomiting is the most common form of purging. What percentage of sufferers present with this type of purging?

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b)
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d)
Correct! Purging Sub-Type BN: A type of bulimia nervosa in which the individual regularly engages in self-induced vomiting or the misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or enemas.Incorrect.
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6) In Bulimia nervosa, the nonpurging sub-type, a behaviour which is used to compensate for binging is

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b)
c)
d)
Correct! Nonpurging Sub-Type BN: A type of bulimia nervosa in which the individual will attempt to compensate for binging by indulging in excessive fasting or exercise.Incorrect.
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7) Individuals with bulimia have a perceived lack of control over their eating behaviour, and often report which of the following?

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Bulimia Nervosa (BN): An eating disorder, the main features of which are recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by periods of purging or fasting.Incorrect.
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8) Evidence suggests a link between bulimia and Axis II borderline personality disorders (BPD). What percent of women with bulimia meet the criteria for a personality disorder?

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b)
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d)
Correct! Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD): A personality disorder, the main features of which are instability in personal relationships, a lack of well-defined and stable self-image, regular and unpredictable changes in moods, and impulsive behaviour.Incorrect.
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9) Which of the following figures represents the prevalence of binge-eating disorder in the general population?

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b)
c)
d)
Correct! The number of instances of a given disease or psychopathology in a given population at a designated time.Incorrect.
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10) St. Catherine of Siena began self-starvation at the age of 16 years and continued until her death in 1380 (at the age of 32). This was termed by Bell (1985) as?

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b)
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d)
Correct! Holy Anorexia: Self-starvation reported in classical and medieval times, often as a means of achieving heightened spirituality amongst religious devotees.Incorrect.
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11) In the 17th century, which of the following terms was used to describe a disorder characterised by large food intake followed by vomiting?

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b)
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Correct! Fames Canina: An eating disorder characterised by large food intake followed by vomiting reported in the 17thIncorrect.
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12) Pick one of the following familial factors that plays a role in the development of eating disorders?

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b)
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Correct! Familial Factors: The idea that certain disorders may be a result of the direct influence of family attitudes and dynamics on the behaviour of those in the family.Incorrect.
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13) Community based twin studies suggest a heritability component of eating disorders which may be greater than:

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b)
c)
d)
Correct! Twin Studies: Studies in which researchers have compared the probability with which monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins both develop symptoms indicative of a psychopathology in order to assess genetic contributions to that psychopathology.Incorrect.
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14) In animal research, lesions to which part of the brain have been shown to cause appetite loss, resulting in a self-starvation syndrome?

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Correct! Lateral Hypothalamus: A part of the hypothalamus. Lesions to the lateral hypothalamus cause appetite loss resulting in a self-starvation syndrome which is behaviourally similar to that found in anorexiaIncorrect.
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15) Biological accounts of anorexia and bulimia suggest that maintaining a low body weight and self-starvation may be reinforced by:

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b)
c)
d)
Correct! Endogenous Opioids: A compound that the body releases to reduce pain sensation.Incorrect.
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16) Research of bulimia nervosa has found low levels of:

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b)
c)
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Correct! The body's natural opioids, the release of these neurotransmitters acts to relieve pain, reduce stress, and create pleasurable sensations.Incorrect.
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17) Body dissatisfaction is defined by Polivy & Herman (2002) as:

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b)
c)
d)
Correct! Body Dissatisfaction (BD): The gap between one's actual and ideal weight and shape.Incorrect.
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18) Body dissatisfaction is associated with triggering bouts of:

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b)
c)
d)
Correct! Dieting: A restricted regime of eating, followed in order to lose weight or for medical reasons.Incorrect.
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19) Which of the following is a prominent characteristic of individuals with eating disorders?

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b)
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Correct! Low Self-Esteem: A person's negative, subjective appraisal of himself or herself.Incorrect.
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20) Which of the following characteristics has regularly been implicated in the aetiology of eating disorders?

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b)
c)
d)
Correct! Perfectionism: The setting of excessively high standards for performance accompanied by overly critical self-evaluationIncorrect.
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21) Prevention programmes are employed to put eating disorders into a social context. School-based prevention programmes emphasise:

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Prevention Programmes: Intervention programmes that attempt to prevent the onset of a psychopathology before the first symptoms are detected.Incorrect.
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22) Anorexia and bulimia are frequently comorbid with major depression, thus eating disorders have tended to be treated pharmacologically with which of the following?

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b)
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Correct! Antidepressant Drugs: Drug treatments intended to treat symptoms of depression and mood disorder.Incorrect.
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23) Which of the following is a common treatment for bulimia?

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Correct! Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT): An intervention for changing both thoughts and behaviour. CBT represents an umbrella term for many different therapies that share the common aim of changing both cognitions and behaviour.Incorrect.
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24) One of the most common treatments for eating disorders is:

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b)
c)
d)
Correct! Family Therapy: A form of intervention involving family members that is helpful as a means of dealing with psychopathology that may result from the relationship dynamics within the familyIncorrect.
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25) In the DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa, which of the following is considered to be a risk factor?

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b)
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Correct! Risk Factors: Certain childhood or developmental experiences which may increase the risk of developing psychopathology later in lifeIncorrect.
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26) A binge-eating episode is associated with which of the following according to the DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for binge eating disorder?

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Binge-Eating Disorder (BED): An eating disorder which is characterised by recurrent episodes of binge eating without the purging or fasting that is associated with bulimia nervosa.Incorrect.
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27) The National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) proposes that treatment for managing weight gain for anorexia nervosa should include which of the following?

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b)
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d)
Correct! National Institute for Health & Clinical Excellence (NICE): An independent UK organisation responsible for providing national guidance on promoting good health and preventing and treating ill health.Incorrect.
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28) Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (specifically fluoxetine) are used to treat bulimia due to their:

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Correct! Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs): A recent group of antidepressant drugs which selectively affect the uptake of only one neurotransmitter - usually serotonin.Incorrect.
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29) The Body Mass Index (BMI) measure indicates that one would be considered overweight with a BMI of:

a)
b)
c)
d)
Correct! Body Mass Index (BMI): A way of measuring a healthy weight range. BMI is derived by using both height and weight measurementsIncorrect.
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30) Which of the following is a laboratory procedure developed to provide an objective behavioural measure of the tendency to binge eat?

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b)
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Correct! Food Preload Tests: Laboratory procedures which been developed to provide an objective behavioural measure of the tendency to 'binge' eat.Incorrect.
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