1. Discuss the different types of language disorders and the mechanisms which appear to underlie them.

Key Points:

• The student should refer to the different types of aphasia (e.g. Broca’s and Wernicke’s) and dyslexia (e.g. acquired, developmental) and the mechanisms underpinning them.
• Aphasia is diagnosed where the symptoms are specific to language.
• Identify the main areas of the brain implicated in aphasia.
• Functional characteristics of the different aphasias and their relationship to anatomical regions.
• Dyslexia means impaired reading – there are two broad categories: acquired dyslexia and developmental dyslexia.
• The four main classes of acquired dyslexia due to brain injury.
• Developmental dyslexia as a developmental difficulty with reading, despite adequate intelligence.
• Different subtypes of developmental dyslexia.
• One prevalent problem for most developmental dyslexics is poor phonological awareness.