Bibliography

1. Why Study Dinosaurs?
2. Tools of the Trade, Part I: Scientific Methods and Their Use in Dinosaur Studies
3. Tools of the Trade, Part II: Geologic Principles Associated with Dinosaur Studies
4. History of Dinosaur Studies
5. Dinosaur Anatomy and Classification
6. Dinosaur Taphonomy
7. Dinosaur Tracks
8. Dinosaur Eggs and Nests
9. Dinosaur Feeding Habits: Teeth, Toothmarks, Gastroliths, and Coprolites
10. Origin and Evolution of Dinosaurs
11. Theropods
12. Sauropodomorphs: Prosauropods and Sauropods
13. Ornithopods
14. Thyreophorans: Ankylosaurs and Stegosaurs
15. Marginocephalians: Pachycephalosaurs and Ceratopsians
16. Bird Evolution and Dinosaur Extinctions

Chapter One - Why Study Dinosaurs?

Alexander, R. M. 1989. Dynamics of Dinosaurs and Other Extinct Giants. Columbia University Press, New York.

Bakker, R. T. 1986. The Dinosaur Heresies. Kensington Publishing, New York.

Currie, P. J., and Padian, K., (Editors). 1997. Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs. Academic Press, San Diego, California.

Currie, P. J., and Tropea, M. 2000. Dinosaur Imagery: The Science of Lost Worlds and Jurassic Art (The Lanzendorf Collection). Academic Press, New York.

Decourten, F. 1999. Dinosaurs of Utah. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, Utah.

Feldman, H. R., and Wilson, J. 1998. "The godzilla syndrome - scientific inaccuracies of prehistoric animals in the movies." Journal of Geoscience Education, 46: 456-459.

Farlow, J. O., and Brett-Surman, M. K. (Editors). The Complete Dinosaur. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana.

Glut, D. F., and Brett-Surman, M. K. 1997. "Dinosaurs and the media." In Farlow, J. O., and Brett-Surman, M. K. (editors), The Complete Dinosaur. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana: 675-706.

Gould, S. J. 1991. "The dinosaur rip-off." In Gould, S. J. , Bully for Brontosaurus, W. W. Norton and Company, New York: 94-106.

Haste, H. 1993. "Dinosaur as metaphor." Modern Geology, 18: 349-370.

Henderson, D. 1997. Restoring dinosaurs as living animals. In Farlow, J. O., and Brett-Surman, M. K. (editors), The Complete Dinosaur. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana: 165-172.

Jacobs, L. L. 1995. Lone Star Dinosaurs. Texas A & M University Press, College Station, Texas.

Lockley, M. G. 1990. Tracking Dinosaurs: A New Look at an Ancient World. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K.

Lockley, M.G., and Wright, J. L. 2000. "Reading about dinosaurs - an annotated bibliography of books." Journal of Geoscience Education, 48: 167-178.

Norell, M. A., Gaffney, E. S., and Dingus, L. 1995. Discovering Dinosaurs in the American Museum of Natural History. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York.

Norman, D. B. 1985. The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs. Salamander Books, Ltd., London.

Novacek, M. 1996. Dinosaurs from the Flaming Cliffs. Anchor Books/Doubleday, New York.

Psihoyos, L., and Knoebber, J. 1994. Hunting dinosaurs. Random House, New York.

Rossbach, T. J. 1996. "Fantasia and our changing views of dinosaurs." Journal of Geoscience Education, 44: 13-17.

Torrens, H. S. 1993. "The dinosaurs and dinomania over 150 years." Modern Geology, 18: 257-286.

Weishampel, D. B., and Young, L. 1996. Dinosaurs of the East Coast. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland.

Weishampel, D. B., Dodson, P., and Osmólska, H., (Editors). 1990. The Dinosauria. University of California Press, Berkeley, California.

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Chapter 2 - Tools of the Trade, Part I: Scientific Methods and Their Use in Dinosaur Studies

Cvancara, A. M. 1990. Sleuthing Fossils: The Art of Investigating Past Life. John Wiley and Sons, New York.

Dobzhansky, T. 1973. "Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution." American Biology Teacher, 35: 125-129.

Emiliani, C. 1992. Planet Earth: Cosmology, Geology, and the Evolution of Life and Environment. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U. K.

Fiffer, S. 2000. Tyrannosaurus Sue: The Extraordinary Saga of the Largest, Most Fought over T-Rex Ever Found. New York, W. H. Freeman & Co.

Frodeman, R. L. 1996. "Envisioning the outcrop." Journal of Geological Education, 44: 417-427.

Gibson, M. A. 1994. Teaching scientific integrity to geology majors. Journal of Geological Education, 42: 345-350.

Handford, M. 1997. Where's Waldo?: The Wonder Book. Candlewick Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Hatcher, J. B., Marsh, O. C., and Lull, R. S. 1907. The Ceratopsia: United States Geological Survey Monograph 49.

Horner, J. R. 1997. Afterword: What's a dinosaur worth? In Horner, J. R., and Edwin Dobb, Dinosaur Lives. Harcourt Brace and Company, San Diego, California: 233-244.

Kitcher, P. 1982. Abusing Science: The Case Against Creationism. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Padian, K. 1988. New discoveries about dinosaurs: separating facts from the news. Journal of Geological Education, 36: 215-220.

Sagan, C. 1996. The Demon-Haunted world. Random House, New York.

Samuels, L. S. 1996. Antidotes for science phobia. The American Biology Teacher, 58: 455-61.

Shermer, M. 1997. Why People Believe in Weird Things. W. H. Freeman, New York.

Stone, M., and Couzin, J. 1998. Smuggled Chinese fossils on exhibit. Science, 281:315-316.

Vermeij, G. J. 1987. Evolution and Escalation; An Ecological History of Life. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.

Woodward, J., and Goodstein, D. 1996. Conduct, misconduct, and the structure of science. American Scientist, 84: 479-490.

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Chapter 3 - Tools of the Trade, Part II: Geologic Principles Associated with Dinosaur Studies

Chapman, R. E. 1997. Technology and the study of dinosaurs. In Farlow, J. O., and Brett-Surman, M. K. (editors), The Complete Dinosaur. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana: 112-135.

Conrad, J. E., McKee, E. H., Turrin, B. D. 1992. Age of tephra beds at the Ocean Point dinosaur locality, North Slope, Alaska, based on K-Ar and "SUP 40" Ar/ "SUP 39" Ar analyses. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin, 1990-C.

Cox, A., and Hart, R. B. 1986. Plate Tectonics: How It Works. Blackwell, Palo Alto, California.

Dalrymple, G. B. 1991. The Age of the Earth. Stanford University Press, California.

Davis, D.W., Gray, J., Cumming, G. L., and Baadsgard, H. 1977. Determination of the 87Rb decay constant. Geochimica Cosmochima Acta 41: 1745-1749.

Dietz, R. S., and Holden, J. C. 1970. The break-up of Pangea. Scientific American, 222 (April): 30-41.

Eberth, D. A., Russell, D. A., Braman, D. R., and Deino, A. L. 1993. The age of the dinosaur-bearing sediments at Tebch, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 30: 2101-2106.

Emiliani, C. 1992.

Fichter, L. S. 1996. Tectonic rock cycles. Journal of Geoscience Education, 44: 134-148.

Freeman, T. 1992. Procedures in Field Geology. Friendship Publications, Columbia, Missouri.

Gillette, D. D. 1997. Hunting for dinosaur bones. In Farlow, J. O., and Brett-Surman, M. K. (editors), The Complete Dinosaur. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana: 64-77.

Goodwin, M. B., and Deino, A. L. 1989. The first radiometric ages from the Judith River Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Hill County, Montana. Canadian Journal of Earth Science, 26: 1384-1391.

Harland, W. B., Armstrong, R. L., Cox., A. V., Craig, L. E., Smith, A. G., and Smith, D. G. 1989. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K.

Moores, E. (editor). 1990. Plate Tectonics: Readings from Scientific American. W. H. Freeman, New York.

Renne, P. R., Fulford, M. M., and Busby-Spera, C. 1991. High resolution "SUP 40" Ar/ "SUP 39" Ar chronostratigraphy of the Late Cretaceous El Gallo Formation, Baja California Del Norte, Mexico. Geophysical Research Letters, 18: 459-462.

Robertson, H. 1998. How to design a lightweight jacket for a dinosaur: Theoretical evaluations of selected fillers mixed with plaster of Paris. Palaios, 13: 301-304.

Rogers, R. R., Swisher III, C. C., and Horner, J. R. 1993. "SUP 40"Ar/"SUP 39"Ar age and correlation of the nonmarine Two Medicine Formation (Upper Cretaceous), northwestern Montana, U.S.A. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 30: 1066-1075.

Rogers, R. R., Swisher III, C. C., Sereno, P. C., Monetta, A. M., Forster, C. A., and Martinez, R. N. 1993. The Ischigualasto tetrapod assemblage (Late Triassic, Argentina) and "SUP 40" Ar/ "SUP 39" Ar dating of dinosaur origins. Science, 260: 794-797.

Sander, P. M., Gee, C. T. 1992. A volunteer-powered dinosaur excavation in the Upper Triassic of Switzerland. Journal of Geological Education, 40: 194-203.

Spencer, E. W. 1993. Geologic Maps: A Practical Guide to the Interpretation and Preparation of Geologic Maps. MacMillan, New York.

Thomas, R. G., Eberth, D. A., Deino, A. L., and Robinson, D. 1990. Composition, radioisotopic ages, and potential significance of an altered volcanic ash (bentonite) from the Upper Cretaceous Judith River formation, Dinosaur Provincial Park, southern Alberta, Canada. Cretaceous Research, 11: 125-162.

Vine, F. J. 1966. Spreading of the ocean floor: New evidence. Science, 154: 1405-1415.

Wegener, A. 1929. Die Entstehung der Kontinente und Ozeane (The Evolution of the Continents and Oceans). Braunschweig, Germany.

Wilson, J. T. (Editor) 1970. Continents Adrift: Readings from Scientific American. W. H. Freeman Company, San Francisco.

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Chapter 4 - History of Dinosaur Studies

Andrews, R. C. 1932. The New Conquest of Central Asia: A Narrative of the Explorations of the Central Asiatic Expeditions in Mongolia and China, 1921-30. American Museum of Natural History, New York.

Bird, R. T. 1985. Bones for Barnum Brown: Adventures of a Dinosaur Hunter. Texas Christian University Press, Fort Worth, Texas.

Buckland, W. 1824. Notice on the Megalosaurus, or Great Fossil Lizard of Stonesfield. Transactions of the Geological Society of London 1 (series 2): 390-396.

Buffetaut, E. 2000. A forgotten episode in the history of dinosaur ichnology: Carl Degenhardt's report on the first discovery of fossil footprints in South America (Colombia, 1839). Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France, 171: 137- 140.

Buffetaut, E., and Le Loeuff, J. 1994. The discovery of dinosaur eggshells in nineteenth-century France. In K. Carpenter, K. F. Hirsch, and J. R. Horner (eds.), Dinosaur Eggs and Babies. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K.: 31-34.

Colbert, E. H. 1984. The great dinosaur hunters and their discoveries. [Republication of Men and Dinosaurs: The Search in the Field and Laboratory, 1968, E. P. Dutton, New York.] Dover Publications Inc., Mineola, New York.

Colbert, E. H. 1995. The Little Dinosaurs of Ghost Ranch. Columbia University Press, New York.

Dean, D. R. 1993. Gideon Mantell and the discovery of Iguanodon. Modern Geology, 18: 209-219.

Delair, J. B. 1989. A history of dinosaur footprint discoveries in the British Wealden. In D. D. Gillette and M. G. Lockley (eds.), Dinosaur Tracks and Traces, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K.: 18-25.

Dong, Z.-M. 1988. Dinosaurs from China. British Museum of Natural History, London, and China Ocean Press, Beijing.

Gould, S. J. 1998. An awful, terrible dinosaurian irony. Natural History, 107: 24-26, 61-68.

Grady, W. 1993. The dinosaur project. MacFarlane, Walter, & Ross, Toronto, Canada.

Hitchcock, E. 1858. Ichnology of New England: A report on the Sandstone of the Connecticut Valley, Especially of Its Fossil Footmarks. William White, Boston, Massachusetts: Reprint, Arno Press, New York.

Holtz, T. R., Jr. 1997. Dinosaur hunters of the southern continents. In James O. Farlow and M. K. Brett-Surman (eds.), The Complete Dinosaur, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana: 43-51.

Huene, F. von. 1932. Die fossile Reptil-Ordnung Saurischia, ihre Entwicklung und Geschichte. Monographien für Geologie und Paläontologie (1) 4: 1-361.

Jacobs, L. L. 1993. Quest for the African Dinosaurs: Ancient Roots of the Modern World. Villard Books, New York.

Jaffe, M. 2000. Gilded Dinosaur: The Fossil War Between E.D. Cope and O.C. Marsh and the Rise of American Science. New York, Crown Publishing.

Kielan-Jaworowska, Z. 1969. Hunting for Dinosaurs. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Lavas, J. R. 1997. Asian dinosaur hunters. In James O. Farlow and M. K. Brett-Surman (eds.), The Complete Dinosaur, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana: 34-42.

Lull, R. L. 1915. Triassic life of the Connecticut Valley. Connecticut State Geology and Natural History Survey Bulletin, 24: 1-285.

Mantell, G. A. 1825. Notice on Iguanodon, a Newly Discovered Fossil Reptile, from the Sandstone of Tilgate Forest, in Sussex. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 115: 179-186.

Matheron, P. 1869. Notice sur les reptiles fossiles des dépots fluvio-lacustres crétacés du basin à lignite de Fuveau. Mémoires de l'Académie des Sciences (belles-) Lettres et (Beaux-) Arts de Marseille 1868-69: 345-379.

Mayor, A. 2000. The First Fossil Hunters. Princeton, N. J., Princeton University Press.

Nopcsa, F. von. 1900. Dinosaurierrete aus Siebenbürgen. Schädel von Limnosaurus transsylvanicus nov. gen. et spec. Denksdchriften der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Classe 68: 555-591.

Ostrom, J. H. 1969. Osteology of Deinonychus antirrhopus, an unusual theropod from the Lower Cretaceous of Montana. Peabody Museum of Natural History Bulletin, 30: 1-165.

Owen, R. 1842. Report on British fossil reptiles. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 11: 60-204.

Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1997. The earliest discoveries. In James O. Farlow and M. K. Brett-Surman (editors), The Complete Dinosaur, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana: 3-11.

Seeley, H. G. 1887. On the classification of the fossil animals commonly named Dinosauria. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 43: 165-171.

Shor, E. N. 1974. The Fossil Feud between E. D. Cope and O. C. Marsh. Exposition Press, Hicksville, New York.

Spalding, D. A. E. 1993. Dinosaur Hunters: 150 Years of Extraordinary Discoveries. Key Porter Books, Toronto.

Sternberg, C. H. 1909. The Life of a Fossil Hunter. Henry Holt and Co., New York. [Reprint by Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana, 1990]

Steinbock, R. T. 1989. Ichnology of the Connecticut Valley: A vignette of American science in the early 19th century. In D. D. Gillette and M. G. Lockley (editors), Dinosaur Tracks and Traces, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K.: 27-32.

Sues, H.-D. 1997. European dinosaur hunters. In James O. Farlow and M. K. Brett-Surman (editors), The Complete Dinosaur, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana: 12-23.

Wallace, D. R. 1999. The Bonehunters' Revenge: Dinosaurs, Greed, and the Greatest Scientific Feud of the Gilded Age. New York, Houghton Mifflin Co.

Warren, J. C. 1854. Remarks on Some Fossil Impressions in the Sandstone Rocks of Connecticut River. Ticknor and Fields, Boston, Massachusetts.

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Chapter 5 - Dinosaur Anatomy and Classification

Bakker, R. T., and Galton, P. M. 1974. Dinosaur monophyly and a new class of vertebrates. Nature, 248: 168-172.

Czerkas, S. A. 1997. Skin. In Currie, P. J., and Padian, K. (editors), Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs. Academic Press, San Diego, California: 669-675.

Dal Sasso, C., and Signore, M. 1998. Exceptional soft-tissue preservation in a theropod dinosaur from Italy. Nature, 392: 383-387.

De Queiroz, K., and Gauthier, J. 1990. Phylogeny as a central principle in taxonomy: Phylogenetic definition of taxon names. Systematic Zoology 39: 307-322.

Dodson, P. 1976. Quantitative aspects of relative growth and sexual dimorphism in Protoceratops. Journal of Paleontology, 50: 929-940.

Dodson, P. 1990. Counting dinosaurs: how many different kinds were there? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 87: 7608-7612.

Fastovsky, D. E., and Weishampel, D. B. 1996. The Evolution and Extinction of the Dinosaurs. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U. K.

Gaffney, G., Dingus, L., and Smith, M. 1995. Why cladistics? Natural History, 104(6):33-35.

Hennig, W. 1950. Grundzüge einer Theorie der phylogenetischen Systematik. Deutscher Zentraverlag, Berlin, Germany.

Hennig, W. 1966. Phylogenetic systematics. University of Illinois Press, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois.

Holtz, T. R., Jr., and Brett-Surman, M. K. 1997. The osteology of the dinosaurs. In Farlow, J. O., and Brett-Surman, M. K. (editors), The Complete Dinosaur. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana: 78-91.

Holtz, T. R., Jr., and Brett-Surman, M. K. 1997. The taxonomy and systematics of the dinosaurs. In Farlow, J. O., and Brett-Surman, M. K. (editors), The Complete Dinosaur. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana: 92-106.

Linné, C. 1758. Systema Natura per Regina Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species cum Characterisbus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis, Editio decima, reformata, Tomus I: Regnum Animalia. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae.

Lowenstam, H. A., and Weiner, S. 1989. On biomineralisation. Oxford University Press, Oxford, U. K.

McGowan, C. 1998. T. Rex to Go: Build Your Own from Chicken Bones. Harper Collins, New York.

Muyzer, G., Sandberg, P., Knapen, M. H. J., Vermeer, C., Collins, M., and Westbroek, P. 1992. Preservation of the bone protein osteocalcin in dinosaurs. Geology, 20: 871-874.

Nelson, G., and Platnick, N. I. 1981. Systematics and biogeography - cladistics and vicariance. Columbia University Press, New York.

Padian, K. 1997. Phylogenetic system. In Currie, P. J., and Padian, K. (editors), Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs. Academic Press, San Diego, California: 543-545.

Pawlicki, R., and Nowogrodzka-Zagorska, M. 1998. Blood vessels and red blood cells preserved in dinosaur bones. Annals Of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger, 180: 73-77.

Schweitzer, M. H., Johnson, C., Zocco, T. G., Horner, J. R., and Starkey, J. R. 1997. Preservation of biomolecules in cancellous bone of Tyrannosaurus rex. Journal Of Vertebrate Paleontology, 17: 349-359.

Sereno, P. C. 1991. Clades and grades in dinosaur systematics. In Carpenter, K., and Currie, P.. (eds), Dinosaur systematics: approaches and perspectives. Cambridge, U. K., Cambridge University Press: 9-20.

Wu, X.-C., and Russell, A. P. 1997. Systematics. In Currie, P. J., and Padian, K. (editors), Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs. Academic Press, San Diego, California: 704-712.

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Chapter 6 - Dinosaur Taphonomy

Allison, P. A., and Briggs, D. E. G., (Editors). 1991. Taphonomy: Releasing the Data Locked in the Fossil Record. Topics in Geobiology, Plenum Press, New York.

Behrensmeyer, A. K., and Hill, A. P. (editors). 1980. Fossils in the Making: Vertebrate Taphonomy and Paleoecology. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

Boggs, S., Jr. 1995. Principles of Sedimentology and Stratigraphy (Second Edition). Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.

Briggs, D. E. G. 1995. Experimental taphonomy. Palaios 10: 539-550.

Briggs, D. E. G., Fregenal-Martinez, M., Wilby, P. R., Peres-Moreno, B. P., and Sanz, J. L. 1997. The mineralization of dinosaur soft tissue in the Lower Cretaceous of Las Hoyas, Spain. Journal of the Geological Society (London), 154: 587-588.

Chen, P., Dong, Z., and Zhen, S. 1998. An exceptionally well-preserved theropod dinosaur from the Yixian Formation of China. Nature, 391: 147-152.

Cook, E. 1995. Taphonomy of two non-marine Lower Cretaceous bone accumulations from southeastern England. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 116: 263-270.

Currie, P. J. and P. Dodson. 1984. Mass death of a herd of ceratopsian dinosaurs. In W. E. Reif and F. Westphal (editors), Third Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems. Attempto Verlag, Tübingen, Germany: 61-66.

Davis, P. G., and Briggs, D. E. G. 1998. The impact of decay and disarticulation on the preservation of fossil birds. Palaios, 13: 3-13.

Donovan, S. K. (editor). 1991. The Processes of Fossilization. Columbia University Press, New York.

Efremov, J. A. 1940. Taphonomy, a new branch of paleontology. Pan-American Geologist, 74:81-93.

Fastovsky, D.E., Badamgarav, D., Ishimoto, H., Watabe, M., and Weishampel, D.B. 1997. The paleoenvironments of Tugrikin-Shireh (Gobi Desert, Mongolia) and aspects of the taphonomy and paleoecology of Protoceratops (Dinosauria: Ornithischia). Palaios, 12: 59-70.

Fiorillo, A. R. 1991. Prey bone utilization by predatory dinosaurs. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 88: 157-166.

Fiorillo, A. R. 1997. Taphonomy. In Currie, P. J., and Padian, K. (Editors), Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs. Academic Press, San Diego, California: 713-716.

Hasiotis, S. T., and Bown, T. M. 1992. Invertebrate trace fossils: The backbone of continental ichnology. In Maples, C. G., and West, R. R. (Editors), Trace Fossils. Paleontological Society Short Course Number 5, Knoxville, Tennessee.

Hill, A. 1980. Early post-mortem damage to the remains of some contemporary East Africa mammals. In Behrensmeyer, A. K., and Hill, A. P. 1980. Fossils in the Making: Vertebrate Taphonomy and Paleoecology. University of Chicago Press, Chicago: 131-152.

Hubert, J. F., Panish, P. T., Chure, D. J., and Prostak, K. S. 1996. Chemistry, microstructure, petrology, and diagenetic model of Jurassic dinosaur bones, Dinosaur National Monument, Utah. Journal of Sedimentary Research A: Sedimentary Petrology and Processes, 66: 531-547.

Knutson, R. M. 1987. Flattened Fauna: A Field Guide to Common Animals of Roads, Streets, and Highways. Tenspeed Press, Berkeley, California.

Kruuk, H. 1972. The Spotted Hyena: A Study of Predation and Social Behavior. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.

Loope, D. B., Dingus, L., Swisher, C. C., III., and Minjin, C. 1998. Life and death in a Late Cretaceous dune field, Nemegt basin, Mongolia. Geology, 26: 27-30.

Lyman, R. L. 1994. Vertebrate taphonomy. Cambridge Manuals in Archaeology Series, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K.

Machel, H. G. 1996. Roadkill as teaching aids in historical geology and paleontology. Journal of Geoscience Education, 44: 270-276.

Martill, D. M. 1991. Bones as stones: the contributions of vertebrate remains to the lithologic record. In Donovan, S. K. (editor), The Processes of Fossilization. Columbia University Press, New York: 270-292.

Paik, I. S. 2000. Bone chip-filled burrows associated with bored dinosaur bone in floodplain paleosols of the Cretaceous Hasandong Formation, Korea. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 157: 213-225

Roberts, E. M., and Rogers, R. R. 1997. Insect modification of dinosaur bones from the Upper Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 17, Supplement 71.

Rogers, R. R. 1990. Taphonomy of three monospecific dinosaur bone beds in the Upper Cretaceous Two Medicine Formation, Northwestern Montana: evidence of mass mortality related to episodic drought. Palaios, 5:394-413.

Ryan, M. J. 1992. The taphonomy of a Centrosaurus (Reptilia: Ornithischia) bone bed (Campanian), Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta, Canada. M.S. thesis, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.

Sander, P. M. 1992. The Norian Plateosaurus bonebeds of central Europe and their taphonomy. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 93: 255-299.

Schäefer, W. 1962. Aktuo-Paläontologie, nach Studien in der Nordsee. Verlag w. Kramer, Frankfurt, Germany.

Schäefer, W. 1972. Ecology and palaeoecology of marine environments. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.

Schwartz, H. L., and Gillette, D. D. 1994. Geology and taphonomy of the Coelophysis quarry, Upper Triassic Chinle Formation, Ghost Ranch, New Mexico. Journal of Paleontology, 68: 1118-1130.

Schwimmer, D. R., Stewart, J. D., and Williams, and Dent, G. 1997. Scavenging by sharks of the genus Squalicorax in the Late Cretaceous of North America. Palaios, 12: 71-83.

Shipman, P. 1981. Life History of a Fossil: An Introduction to Taphonomy and Paleoecology. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Varricchio, D. J. 1995. Taphonomy of Jack's Birthday Site, a diverse dinosaur bonebed from the Upper Cretaceous Two Medicine Formation of Montana. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 114: 297-323.

Voorhies, M. R. 1969. Taphonomy and population dynamics of the early Pliocene vertebrate fauna, Know County, Nebraska. Contributions to Geology Special Paper No. 1.

Weigelt, J. 1927. Rezente wirbeltierleichen und ihre paläobiologische Bedeuntung. Verlag von Max Weg, Leipzig, Germany. [Translated by Judith Schaefer and re-published as Recent Vertebrate Carcasses and the Paleobiological Implications, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1989.]

Wood, J. M., Thomas, R. G., and Visser, J. 1988. Fluvial processes and vertebrate taphonomy: the Upper Cretaceous Judith River Formation, south-central Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta, Canada. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 66: 127-143.

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Chapter 7 - Dinosaur Tracks

Alexander, R. M. 1976. Estimates of speeds of dinosaurs. Nature, 261: 129-130.

Avanzini, M. 1998. Anatomy of a footprint: Bioturbation as a key to understanding dinosaur walk dynamics. Ichnos, 6: 129-139.

Bird, R. T. 1944. Did Brontosaurus ever walk on land? Natural History 53: 60-67.

Bromley, R. G. 1996. Trace Fossils: Biology, Taphonomy and Applications. (Second Edition) Chapman and Hall, London.

Brown, T., Jr. 1999. Tom Brown's Science and Art of Tracking: Nature's Path to Spiritual Discovery. Berkley Books, New York.

Cohen, A. S., Halfpenny, J., Lockley, M. G., and Michel, E. 1993. Modern vertebrate tracks from Lake Manyara, Tanzania and their paleobiological implications. Paleobiology, 19: 433-458.

Currie, P. J., Nadon, G. C., and Lockley, M. G. 1991. Dinosaur footprints with skin impressions from the Cretaceous of Alberta and Colorado. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 28: 102-115.

Demathieu, G. R. 1989. Appearance of the first dinosaur tracks in the French Middle Triassic and their probable significance. In Gillette, D.D., and Lockley, M.. (editors), Dinosaur Tracks and Traces. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U K., p. 201-207.

Farlow, J. O., and Chapman, R. E. 1997. The scientific study of dinosaur footprints. In Farlow, J. O., and Brett-Surman, M. K. (editors), The Complete Dinosaur. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana, p. 519-553.

Halfpenny, J., and Biesiot, E. A. 1986. A Field Guide to Mammal Tracking in North America. Johnson Books, Boulder, Colorado.

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Irby, G. V. 1996. Paleoichnological evidence for running dinosaurs worldwide. In Morales, M. (editor), The Continental Jurassic. Bulletin 60, Museum of Northern Arizona, Flagstaff, Arizona, p. 109-112.

Leonardi, G. (editor) 1987. Glossary and Manual of Tetrapod Footprint Palaeoichnology. Departmento Nacional da Producão Mineral, Brazil.

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Lockley, M. G., and Hunt, A. P. 1995. Dinosaur Tracks and Other Fossil Footprints of the Western United States. Columbia University Press, New York.

Lockley, M. G., Meyer, C. A., and dos Santos, V. F. 1996. Megalosauripus, Megalosauropus and the concept of megalosaur footprints. In Morales, M. (editor), The Continental Jurassic. Bulletin 60, Museum of Northern Arizona, Flagstaff, Arizona, 113-118.

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Chapter 8 - Dinosaur Eggs and Nests

Bonaparte, J. F., and Vincent, M. 1979. El hallazgo del primer nido de dinosaurios triásicos (Saurischia Prosauropoda), Triásico superior de Patagonia, Argentina. Ameghiana, 16:173-182.

Campbell, H. W. 1972. Ecological or phylogenetic interpretation of crocodilian nesting habits. Nature, 238:404-405.

Carpenter, K. 1999. Eggs, Nests, and Baby Dinosaurs: A Look at Dinosaur Reproduction (Life of the Past). Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana.

Carpenter, K., Hirsch K .F., and Horner, J. R. (Editors). 1994. Dinosaur Eggs and Babies. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U. K.

Case, T. J. 1978. Speculations on the growth rate and reproduction of some dinosaurs. Paleobiology, 4:320-328.

Chiappe, L. M., Coria, R. A., Dingus, L., Jackson, F., Chinsamy, A., and Fox, M. 1998. Sauropod dinosaur embryos from the Late Cretaceous of Patagonia. Nature, 396: 258-261.

Cott, H. B. 1961. Scientific results of an inquiry into the ecology and economic status of the Nile crocodile (Crocodilus niloticus) in Uganda and northern Rhodesia. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 29:211-356.

Dauphin, Y., and Jaeger, J. J. 1991. Implications de l'analyse microstructurale et geochimique des oeufs de dinosaures de La Cairanne (Bassin d'Aix en Provence, France, Rognacien inferieur). Palaeontologische Zeitschrift, 65: 391-404.

DeNiro, M. J., and Epstein, S. 1978. Influence of diet and the distribution of carbon isotopes in animals. Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta, 42: 495.

Dong, Z., and Currie, P. J. 1996. On the discovery of an oviraptorid skeleton on a nest of eggs at Bayan Mandahu, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (Journal Canadien des Sciences de la Terre), 33: 631-636.

Folinsbee, R. E., Fritz, P., Krouse, H. R., and Robblu, A. R. 1970. Carbon and oxygen-18 in dinosaur, crocodile, and bird eggshells indicate environmental conditions. Science, 168: 1553.

Granger, W. 1936. The story of the dinosaur eggs. Natural History, 38: 21-26.

Hirsch, K. F., and Zelenitsky, D. K. 1997. Dinosaur eggs. In James O. Farlow and M. K. Brett-Surman (eds.), The Complete Dinosaur, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana: 394-402.

Horner, J. R. 2000. Dinosaur reproduction and parenting. Annual Review of Earth & Planetary Sciences, 28: 19-45.

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Horner, J. R., and Weishampel, D. B. 1988. A comparative embryological study of two ornithischian dinosaurs. Nature, 332: 256-257.

Horner, J. R., and Weishampel, D. B. 1996. Correction: A comparative embryological study of two ornithischian dinosaurs. Nature, 383: 103.

Kitching, J. W. 1979. Preliminary report on a clutch of six dinosaurian eggs from the Upper Triassic Elliot Formation, Northern Orange Free State. Paleontographica Africana, 22:41-45.

Mikhailov, K. E. 1991. Classification of fossil eggshells of amniotic vertebrates. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 36: 193-238.

Mikhailov, K. E. 1997. Eggs, eggshells, and nests. In Currie, P.J., and Padian, K. (Editors), The Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs. Academic Press, San Diego, California: 205-209.

Mou, Y. 1992. Nest environments of the Upper Cretaceous dinosaur eggs from Nanxiong Basin, Guangdong Province. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 30: 120-134.

Norell, M. A., Clark, J. M., Dashzeveg, D., Barsbold, R., Chiappe, L. M., Davidson, A. R., McKenna, M. C., Perle, A., and Novacek, M. J. 1994. A theropod dinosaur embryo and the affinities of the Flaming Cliffs dinosaur eggs. Science, 266, 5186: 779-782.

Norell, M. A., Clark, J. M., Chiappe, L. M., Dashzeveg, D. 1995. A nesting dinosaur. Nature, 378: 774-776.

Sarkar, A., Bhattacharya, S. K., and Mohabey, D. M. 1991. Stable-isotope analyses of dinosaur eggshells: paleoenvironmental implications. Geology, 19: 1068-1071.

Seymour, R. S. 1979. Dinosaur eggs; gas conductance through the shell, water loss during incubation and clutch size. Paleobiology, 5: 1-11.

Straelen, V., and Denaeyer, M. E. 1923. Sur les oeufs fossiles du Crétacé supérieur de Rognac en Provence. Bulletin de l'Académie Royale des Sciences de Belgique, 9: 14-26.

Thorbjarnarson, J. B. 1996. Reproductive characteristics of the Order Crocodylia. Herpetologia, 52:8-24.

Varricchio, D. J., Jackson, F., Borlowski, J., and Horner, J. R. 1997. Nest and egg clutches for the theropod dinosaurs Troodon formosus and evolution of avian reproductive traits. Nature, 385: 247-250.

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Chapter 9 - Dinosaur Feeding Habits: Teeth, Toothmarks, Gastroliths, and Coprolites

Abel, O. 1935. Vorzeitliche Lebensspuren. Fischer, Jena, 644 pp.

Abler, W. L. 1992. The serrated teeth of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs, and biting structures in other animals. Paleobiology, 18: 161-183.

Abler, W. L. 1999. The teeth of tyrannosaurs. Scientific American, 281: 50-51.

Argast, S., Farlow, J. O., Gabet, R. M., and Brinkman, D. L. 1987. Transport-induced abrasion of fossil reptilian teeth: implications for the existence of Tertiary dinosaurs in the Hell Creek Formation, Montana ( USA). Geology, 15: 927-930.

Bertrand, C. E. 1903. Les Coprolithes de Bernissart. I. partie: Les Coprolithes qui ont été attribués aux Iguanodons. Memoires du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique 1(4): 1-154.

Bocherens, H., Fizet, M., Cuif, J.-P., Jaeger, J.-J., Michard, J.-G., and Mariotti, A. 1988. Premieres mesures d'abondances isotopiques naturelles en "SUP 13"C et "SUP 15"N de la matiere organique fossile de Dinosaure. Application a l'etude du regime alimentaire du genre Anatosaurus (Ornithischia, Hadrosauridae). Comptes Rendus - Academie des Sciences, Serie II, 306: 1521-1525.

Brown, B. 1907. Gastroliths. Science, 25 (636): 392.

Buckland, W. 1823. Reliquiae Diluvianae. [Reprint of the 1823 edition published by J. Murray, London, 1978. Arno Press, New York, 303 pp.]

Buckland, W. 1835. On the discovery of coprolites, or fossil faeces, in the Lias at Lyme Regis, and in other formations. Transactions of the Geological Society of London series 2, 3(1): 223-236.

Chin, K. 1997. What did dinosaurs eat? Coprolites and other direct evidence of dinosaur diets. In Farlow, J. O., and Brett-Surman, M. K., editors, The Complete Dinosaur. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana: 371-382.

Chin, K., and Gill, B. D. 1996. Dinosaurs, dung beetles, and conifers: participants in a Cretaceous food web. Palaios, 11: 280-285.

Chin, K., Eberth, D. A., and Sloboda, W. J. 1999. Exceptional soft-tissue preservation in a theropod coprolite from the Upper Cretaceous Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 19, 3: Suppl. 37A.

Chin, K., Tokaryk, T. T., Erickson, G. M., and Calk, L. C. 1998. A king-sized theropod coprolite. Nature, 393:680-682.

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Currie, P. J., and Jacobsen, A. R. 1995. An azhdarchid pterosaur eaten by a velociraptorine theropod. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 32: 922-925.

Erickson, G. M. 1997. Tooth replacement patterns. In Currie, P. J., and Padian, K., editors, Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs. Academic Press, New York: 739-740.

Erickson, G. M., Van Kirk, S. D., Jinntung S., Levenston, M. E., Caler, W.E., and Carter, D.R. 1996. Bite-force estimation for Tyrannosaurus rex from tooth-marked bones. Nature, 382: 706-708.

Fiodorov, P. V., and Nessov, L. A. 1990. Unusual burial of vertebrate remains in Chodzhiabadskaja Svita (Lower Cretaceous, Neocomian?) of north-east Ferghana and environments of deposition of sediments containing the fossils. Vestnik - Leningradskogo Universiteta, Seriya Geologiya i Geografiya, 2: 3-9.

Fiorillo, A. R., and Weishampel, D. B. 1997. Tooth wear. In Currie, P. J., and Padian, K., editors, Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs. Academic Press, New York: 743-745.

Gillette, D. D. 1995. True grit. Natural History, 104(6):41-43.

Häntzschel, W., El-Baz, F., and Amstutz, G. C. 1968. Coprolites, an annotated bibliography. Memoir 108, Geological Society of America, Colorado, 132 pp.

Hill, C. R. 1976. Coprolites of Ptiliophyllum cuticles from the Middle Jurassic of North Yorkshire. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History, 27: 298-294.

Hunt, A. P., Chin, K. and Lockley, M. G. 1994. The palaeobiology of vertebrate coprolites. In S.K. Donovan, editor, The Palaeobiology of Trace Fossils. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester: 221-240.

Jacobsen, A. R. 1997. Tooth marks. In Currie, P. J., and Padian, K., editors, Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs. Academic Press, New York: 738-739.

Johnston, P. A. 1979. Growth rings in dinosaur teeth. Nature, 278: 635-636.

Lofgren, D. L., Hotton, C. L., and Runkel, A. C. 1990. Reworking of Cretaceous dinosaurs into Paleocene channel deposits, upper Hell Creek Formation, Montana. Geology, 18: 874-877.

Manley, K. 1992. Surface polish measurements from bona fide and suspected sauropod dinosaur gastroliths, wave and stream transported clasts. Ichnos, 2: 167-169.

Meinke, D. K., Padian, K., Kappelman, J., Boyce, M. S., Bolt, J. R., DeMar, R. E., and Johnston, P. A. 1980. Growth rings in dinosaur teeth; discussions and reply. Nature, 288: 193-195.

Pemberton, S. G., and Frey, R. W. 1991. William Buckland and his 'coprolitic' vision. Ichnos, 1: 317-325.

Perez-Moreno, B. P., Sanz, J. L., and Buscalioni, A. D. 1994. A unique multitoothed ornithomimosaur dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Spain. (Pelecanimimus polyodon). Nature, 370: 363-367.

Raath, M. 1974. Further evidence of gastroliths in prosauropod dinosaurs. Arnoldia, 7: 1-5.

Sander, P. M. 1997. Teeth and jaws. In Currie, P. J., and Padian, K., editors, Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs. Academic Press, New York: 717-725.

Stokes, W. L. 1987. Dinosaur gastroliths revisited. Journal of Paleontology, 61: 1242-1246.

Thulborn, R. A. 1991. Morphology, preservation and palaeobiological significance of dinosaur coprolites. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 83:341-366.

Varricchio, D. J. 1999. Gut contents for a Cretaceous tyrannosaur: implications for theropod digestive tracts. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 19, 3: Suppl. 82A.

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Chapter 10 - Origin and Evolution of Dinosaurs

Benton, M. J. 1983. Dinosaur success in the Triassic: A noncompetitive ecological model. Quarterly Review of Biology, 58: 29-55.

Benton, M. J. 1990. Origin and interrelationships of dinosaurs. In Weishampel, D. B., Dodson, P., and Osmólska, H., editors, The Dinosauria. University of California Press, Berkeley, California: 11-30.

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Brown, W. L., and Wilson, E.O. 1958. Character displacement. Systematic Zoology, 5: 49-64.

Callaghan, C. A. 1987. Instances of observed speciation. The American Biology Teacher, 49:3436.

Carroll, R. L. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution. W. H. Freeman, New York.

Charig, A. 1984. Competition between therapsids and archosaurs during the Triassic Period: a review and synthesis of current series. Symposia of the Zoological Society of London, 52: 597-628.

Colbert, E. H. 1970. A saurischian dinosaur from the Triassic of Brazil. American Museum Novitates, 2405: 1-9.

Colbert, E. H., and Morales, M. 1991. Evolution of the Vertebrates: A History of the Backboned Animals through Time. John Wiley and Sons, New York.

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Galton, P. M. 1977. On Staurikosaurus pricei, an early saurischian dinosaur from Brazil, with notes on the Herrerasauridae and Poposauridae. Paläontol. Z., 51: 234-245.

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Sereno, P. C., and Novas, F. E. 1992. The complete skull and skeleton of an early dinosaur. Science, 258: 1137-1140.

Sereno, P. C., and Arucci, A. B. 1993. Dinosaur precursors from the Middle Triassic of Argentina: Lagerpeton chanarensis. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 13: 385-399.

Sereno, P. C., Forster, C. A., Rogers, R. R., and Monetta, A. M. 1993. Primitive dinosaur skeleton from Argentina and the early evolution of Dinosauria. Nature, 361: 64-66.

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Chapter 11 - Theropods

Bailey, J. B. 1997. Neural spine elongation in dinosaurs: Sailbacks or buffalo-backs? Journal of Paleontology, 71: 1124-1146.

Bonaparte, J. F. 1991. The Gondwanian theropod families Abelisauridae and Noasauridae. Historical Biology, 5: 1-25.

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Colbert, E. H., and Merrilees, D. 1967. Cretaceous dinosaur footprints from Western Australia. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia, 50, Part 1: 21-25.

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Currie, P.J. 1998. Theropods. In The Complete Dinosaur, Farlow, J. O., and Brett-Surman, M. K. (editors), Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana: 216-233.

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Lockley, M. G., and Hunt, A. P. 1994. A track of the giant theropod dinosaur Tyrannosaurus from close to the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary, northern New Mexico. Ichnos, 3: 213-218.

Lockley, M. G., and Matsukawa, M. 1999. Some observations on trackway evidence for gregarious behavior among small bipedal dinosaurs. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 150: 25-31.

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Padian, K., Hutchinson, J. R., and Holtz, T. R., Jr. 1999. Phylogenetic definitions and nomenclature of the major taxonomic categories of the carnivorous Dinosauria (Theropoda). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 19: 69-80.

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Ricqlès, A. de. 1990. Zonal 'growth rings' in dinosaurs. Modern Geology, 15:19-48.

Sampson, S. D., Witmer, L. M., Forster, C. A., and Krause, D. W. 1998. The evolution and biogeography of Gondwanan theropod dinosaurs; new information from the late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 27: 167-168.

Sereno, P. C., and Novas, F. E. 1993. The skull and neck of the basal theropod Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 13: 451-476.

Sternberg, C. M. 1932. Two new theropod dinosaurs from the Belly River Formation of Alberta. The Canadian Field Naturalist, 46: 99-105.

Sues, H-D. 1977. The skull of Velociraptor mongoliensis, a small Cretaceous theropod dinosaur from Mongolia. Palaeontologische Zeitschrift, 51: 173-184.

Varricchio, D. J. 1993. Bone microstructure of the Upper Cretaceous theropod dinosaur Troodon formosus. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 13: 99-104.

Varricchio, D. J., Jackson, F, and Trueman, and Clive, N. A. 1999. Nesting trace with eggs for the Cretaceous theropod dinosaur Troodon formosus. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 19: 91-100.

Xu, X., Wang, X.-L., and Wu, X.-C. 1999. A dromaeosaurid dinosaur with a filamentous integument from the Yixian Formation of China. Nature, 401: 262-266.

Xu, X., Tang, Z.-I., and Wang, X.-I. 1999. A therizinosauroid dinosaur with integumentary structures from China. Nature, 399: 350-354.

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Chapter 12 - Sauropodomorphs: Prosauropods and Sauropods

Barrett, P. M., Upchurch, P. 1995. Sauropod feeding mechanisms; their bearing on paleoecology. In Sun, A., and Wang, Y., editors, Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystem and Biota Short Papers, 6: 107-110.

Bonaparte, J. F., and Coria, R. A. 1993. Un nuevo y gigantesco sauropodo titanosaurio de la Formacion Rio Limay (Albiano-Cenomaniano) de la Provincia del Neuquen, Argentina. Ameghiniana, 30: 271-282.

Buffetaut, E. 1988. Late Cretaceous sauropod dinosaurs of Africa; discussion. South African Journal of Science, 84: 221.

Carpenter, K., and McIntosh, J. 1994. Upper Jurassic sauropod babies from the Morrison Formation. In Carpenter, K., Hirsch, K. F., and Horner, J. R. (Editors), Dinosaur Eggs and Babies, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K.: 265-278.

Casanovas, M., Fernandez, A., Perez-Lorente, F., and Santafe, J. V. 1997. Sauropod trackways from site El Sobaquillo (Munilla, La Rioja, Spain) indicate amble walking. Ichnos, 5: 101-107.

Christiansen P. 1999. On the head size of sauropodomorph dinosaurs: Implications for ecology and physiology. Historical Biology, 13: 269-297.

Colbert, E. H. 1952. Breathing habits of the sauropod dinosaurs. Journal of Natural History, 5, 55: 708-710.

Colbert, E. H. 1993. Feeding strategies and metabolism in elephants and sauropod dinosaurs. American Journal of Science, 293, A: 1-19.

Coombs, W. P., Jr. 1975. Sauropod habits and habitats. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 17: 1-33.

Cooper, M. R. 1980. The prosauropod ankle and dinosaur phylogeny. South African Journal of Science, 76: 176-178.

Dodson, P. (and all authors therein). 1990. Sauropodomorpha. In Weishampel, D., Dodson, P., and Osmolska, H. (Editors), The Dinosauria. University of California, Berkeley, California, p. 318-407.

Fiorillo, Anthony R. 1991. Dental microwear on the teeth of Camarasaurus and Diplodocus; implications for sauropod paleoecology. Paleontological Contributions from the University of Oslo, 364: 23-24.

Galton, P. M. 1985. Diet of prosauropod dinosaurs from the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic. Lethaia, 18: 105-123.

Gierlinski, G. 1997. Sauropod tracks in the Early Jurassic of Poland. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 42: 533-538.

Gillette, D. D. 1994. Seismosaurus, the Earth Shaker. Columbia University Press, New York.

Gilmore, C. W. 1921. Discovery of sauropod dinosaur remains in the Upper Cretaceous of New Mexico. Fort Hays Studies, New Series, Science Series, 54: 274.

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Hunt, A. P., Lucas, S. G., Heckert, A. B., Sullivan, R. M., and Lockley, M. G. 1998. Late Triassic dinosaurs from the Western United States. Geobios, 31: 511-531.

Jacobs, L. J., Winkler, D. A., Downs, W. R., and Gomani, E. M. 1993. New material of an Early Cretaceous titanosaurid sauropod dinosaur from Malawi. Palaeontology, 36: 523-534.

Janensch, W. 1938. Brachiosaurus, der grösste sauropode Dinosaurier aus dem oberen Jura von Deutsch-Ostafrika. Forschungen und Fortschritte, 12: 140-141.

Lockley, M. G. 1990. Did 'Brontosaurus' ever swim out to sea?: evidence from brontosaur and other dinosaur footprints. Ichnos, 1: 81-90.

Lockley, M. G., Hunt, A. P., Meyer, C. A., and Lucas, S. G. 1994. The sauropod track record; implications of a global synthesis. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 14, 3, Suppl. 34.

Marsh, O. C. 1883. Principal characters of American Jurassic Dinosaurs. Part VI: Restoration of Brontosaurus. American Journal of Science, Series 3, 26: 81-85.

McIntosh, J. S. 1989. The sauropod dinosaurs; a brief survey. In Padian, K., and Chure, D. J., (Editors), The Age of Dinosaurs. Short Courses in Paleontology, 2, Paleontological Society: 85-99.

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Reid, R. E. H. 1981. Lamellar-zonal bone with zones and annuli in the pelvis of a sauropod dinosaur. Nature, 292, 5818: 49-51.

Ricqlès, A. de, 1983. Cyclical growth in the long limb bones of a sauropod dinosaur . Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 28: 225-232.

Stevens, K. A., and Parrish, J. M. 1999. Neck posture and feeding habits of two Jurassic sauropod dinosaurs. Science, 284, 5415: 798-800.

Stokes, W. L. 1964. Fossilized stomach contents of a sauropod dinosaur. Science, 143, 3606: 576-577.

Upchurch, P. 1995. The evolutionary history of sauropod dinosaurs. Philosophical Transactions - Royal Society of London, B, 349, 1330: 365-390.

Weaver, J. C. 1983. The improbable endotherm; the energetics of the sauropod dinosaur Brachiosaurus. Paleobiology, 9: 173-182.

Wilson, J. A., and Carrano, M. T. 1999. Titanosaurs and the origin of 'wide-gauge' trackways: A biomechanical and systematic perspective on sauropod locomotion. Paleobiology, 25: 252-267.

Wilson, J. A., Sereno, P. C. 1994. Higher-level phylogeny of sauropod dinosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 14, 3, Suppl. 52.

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Chapter 13 - Ornithopods

Brett-Surman, M. K. 1997. Ornithopods. In The Complete Dinosaur, Farlow, J. O., and Brett-Surman, M. K. (editors), Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana: 330-346.

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Casanovas, L., Ezquerra, R., Fernandez, A., Montero, D., Perez Lorente, F., Santafe, J. V., Torcida, F., and Viera, L. I. 1995. El yacimiento de La Canal (Munilla, La Rioja, España); la variacion de velocidad en funcion del tamano del pie de los ornitopodos. Zubia, 13: 55-81.

Chinsamy, A. 1995. Ontogenetic changes in the bone histology of the Late Jurassic ornithopod Dryosaurus lettowvorbecki. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 15: 96-104.

Chure, D. J., Kirkland, J. I., and Scheetz, R. D. 1993. Embryos, hatchlings, juveniles and adults of the ornithopod dinosaur Dryosaurus from the Late Jurassic Morrison Formation (MF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 13, 3: Suppl. 29-30.

Chure, D. J., Turner, C., and Peterson, F. 1992. An embryo of the ornithopod dinosaur Camptosaurus from the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic) of Dinosaur National Monument, Utah. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 12, 3: Suppl. 23A-24A.

Colbert, E. H. 1951. Environment and adaptations of certain dinosaurs. Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 26: 265-284.

Cotton, W. D., Cotton, J. E., and Hunt, A. P. 1998. Evidence for social behavior in ornithopod dinosaurs from the Dakota Group of northeastern New Mexico, U.S.A. Ichnos, 6: 141-149.

Dodson, P. 1975. Taxonomic implications of relative growth in lambeosaurine hadrosaurs. Systematic Zoology, 24: 37-54.

Fisher, P. E., Hammer, M., Kuzmitz A. A., Russell D.A., Stoskopf, M. K., and Barrick R. E. 2000. Cardiovascular evidence for an intermediate or higher metabolic rate in an ornithischian dinosaur. Science, 288: 503-505.

Forster, C. A. 1990. Evidence for juvenile groups in the ornithopod dinosaur Tenontosaurus tilletti Ostrom. Journal of Paleontology, 64: 164-165.

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Galton, P. M. 1974. Notes on Thescelosaurus, a conservative ornithopod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of North America, with comments on ornithopod classification. Journal of Paleontology, 48: 1048-1067.

Galton, P. M. 1980. Dryosaurus and Camptosaurus, intercontinental genera of Upper Jurassic ornithopod dinosaurs. Memoires de la Societe Geologique de France, 59: 103-108.

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Lapparent, A. F. de. 1960. Decouverte de traces de pas de dinosauriens dans le cretace du Spitzberg. Compte Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences, 251: 1399-1400.

Lockley, M. G., Hunt, A. P., and Matsukawa, M. 1999. Three age groups of ornithopods inferred from footprints in the Mid-Cretaceous Dakota Group, eastern Colorado, North America. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 147: 39-51.

Molnar, R.E. 1996. Observations on the Australian ornithopod dinosaur, Muttaburrasaurus. Memoirs - Queensland Museum, 39: 639-652.

Moratalla, J. J., Sanz, J. L., Jimenez, S., and Lockley, M. G. 1992. A quadrupedal ornithopod trackway from the Lower Cretaceous of La Rioja (Spain): inferences on gait and hand structure. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 12: 150-157.

Nadon, G. C. 1993. The association of anastomosed fluvial deposits and dinosaur tracks, eggs, and nests: implications for the interpretation of floodplain environments and a possible survival strategy for ornithopods. Palaios, 8: 31-44.

Norman, D. B., and Weishampel, D. B. 1985. Ornithopod feeding mechanisms: their bearing on the evolution of herbivory. American Naturalist, 126: 151-164.

Norman, D. D. 1989. Ornithopod dinosaurs; relationships, structure, and habits. In Padian, K., and Chure, D. J. (Editors), The Age of Dinosaurs. Paleontological Society, Short Courses in Paleontology, 2: 58-70.

Stokes, W. L. 1987. Dinosaur gastroliths revisited. Journal of Paleontology, 61: 1242-1246.

Weishampel, D. B. 1981. Acoustical analysis of potential vocalization in lambeosaurine dinosaurs (Reptilia, Ornithischia). Paleobiology, 7: 252-261.

Weishampel, D. B. 1984. Evolution of jaw mechanisms in ornithopod dinosaurs. Advances in Anatomy, Embryology, and Cell Biology, 87: 109 p.

Wing, S. L., and Tiffney, B. H. 1987. The reciprocal interaction of angiosperm evolution and tetrapod herbivory. Review of Palaeobotany & Palynology, 50: 179-210.

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Chapter 14 - Thyreophorans: Ankylosaurs and Stegosaurs

Barrett, P. M., and Upchurch, P. 1995. Regnosaurus northamptoni , a stegosaurian dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of southern England. Geological Magazine, 132: 213-222.

Boneham, B. F. W., and Forsey, G. F. 1992. Earliest stegosaur dinosaur. Terra Nova, 4: 628-632.

Carpenter, K. 1997. Ankylosaurs. In The Complete Dinosaur, Farlow, J. O., and Brett-Surman, M. K. (Editors), Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana: 307-316.

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Coombs, W. P., Jr. 1986. A juvenile ankylosaur referable to the genus Euoplocephalus (Reptilia, Ornithischia). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 6: 162-173.

Coombs, W. P., Jr. 1995. Ankylosaurian tail clubs of middle Campanian to early Maastrichtian age from western North America, with description of a tiny club from Alberta and discussion of tail orientation and tail club function. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 32: 902-912.

Coombs, W. P., Jr., and Maryanska, T. 1990. Ankylosauria. In Weishampel, D., Dodson, P., and Osmolska, H. (Editors), The Dinosauria. University of California, Berkeley, California: 456-483.

Dong, Z.-M. 1990. Stegosaurs of Asia. In Carpenter, K., and Currie, P. J. (Editors). Dinosaur Systematics: Approaches and Perspectives, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U. K.: 255-268.

Dong, Z.-M. 1993. A new species of stegosaur (Dinosauria) from the Ordos Basin, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 30: 2174-2176.

Galton, P. M. 1990. Stegosauria. In Weishampel, D., Dodson, P., and Osmolska, H. (Editors), The Dinosauria. University of California, Berkeley, California: 435-455.

Gangloff, R. A. 1995. Edmontonia sp., the first record of an ankylosaur from Alaska. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 15: 195-200.

Gasparini, Z., Pereda-Suberbiola, X., and Molnar, R.E. 1996. New data on the ankylosaurian dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of the Antarctic Peninsula. Memoirs - Queensland Museum, 39: 583-594.

Kirkland, J. I., and Carpenter, K. 1994. North America's first pre-Cretaceous ankylosaur (Dinosauria) from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of western Colorado. Geology Studies, 40: 25-42.

Le Loeuff, J., Lockley, M. G., Meyer, C., and Petit, J.-P. 1999. Discovery of a thyreophoran trackway in the Hettangian of central France. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie de Sciences - Serie IIa: Sciences de la Terre et des Planetes, 328: 215-219.

Molnar, R. E., and Frey, E. 1987. The paravertebral elements of the Australian Ankylosaur Minmi (Reptilia; Ornithischia, Cretaceous). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Palaeontologie. Abhandlungen, 175: 19-37.

Page, D. 1998. Stegosaur tracks and the persistence of facies; the Lower Cretaceous of Western Australia. Geology Today, 14: 75-77.

Salgado, L., and Coria, R.A. 1996. First evidence of an ankylosaur (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) in South America. Ameghiniana, 33: 367-371.

Sanz, J. L. 1983. A nodosaurid ankylosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Salas de los Infantes (Province of Burgos, Spain). Geobios, 16: 615-621.

Sereno, P. C., and Dong Z.-M. 1992. The skull of the basal stegosaur Huayangosaurus taibaii and a cladistic diagnosis of Stegosauria. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 12: 318-343.

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Chapter 15 - Marginocephalians: Pachycephalosaurs and Ceratopsians

Adams, D. A. 1990. Analysis of the ceratopsian stance and gait problem, and the role of paleobiomechanics in reconstructing extinct organisms. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 10, 3: Suppl. 12A.

Brinkman, D. B., Ryan, M. J., and Eberth, D. A. 1998. The paleogeographic and stratigraphic distribution of ceratopsids (Ornithischia) in the upper Judith River Group of Western Canada. Palaios, 13: 160-169.

Brown, B. 1914. Anchiceratops, a new genus of horned dinosaurs from the Edmonton Cretaceous of Alberta, with discussion of the ceratopsian crest and the brain casts of Anchiceratops and Trachodon. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History: 539-548.

Dodson, P. 1991. Morphological and ecological trends in the evolution of ceratopsian dinosaurs. Paleontological Contributions from the University of Oslo, 364: 17-18.

Dodson, P. 1996. The Horned Dinosaurs: A Natural History. Princeton, New Jersey, Princeton University Press, 346.

Dodson, P. 1997. Neoceratopsia. In Currie, P. J., and Padian, K., editors, Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs. Academic Press, New York: 473-478.

Eberth, D. A. 1996. Ceratopsian bonebeds in the Dinosaur Park Formation (Campanian) of southern Alberta; bigger than we thought? Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 16, 3: Suppl. 32.

Farlow, J. O., and Dodson, P. 1975. The behavioral significance of frill and horn morphology in ceratopsian dinosaurs. Evolution, 29: 353-361.

Fiorillo, A. R., and Dodson, P. 1989. First occurrence of supposed ceratopsian footprints from the Judith River Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of south-central Montana. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 9, 3: Suppl. 20A.

Forster, C. A. 1996. Species resolution in Triceratops: Cladistic and morphometric approaches. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 16: 259-270.

Forster, C. A., and Sereno, P. C. 1997. Marginocephalians. In The Complete Dinosaur, Farlow, J. O., and Brett-Surman, M. K. (Editors), Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana: 317-329.

Giffin, E. B. 1989. Notes on pachycephalosaurs (Ornithischia). Journal of Paleontology, 63: 525-529.

Gilmore, C. W. 1939. Ceratopsian dinosaurs from the Two Medicine Formation, Upper Cretaceous, of Montana. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 87, 3066: 1-18.

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Langston, W., Jr. 1975. The ceratopsian dinosaurs and associated lower vertebrates from the St. Mary River Formation (Maastrichtian) at Scabby Butte, southern Alberta. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 12: 1576-1608.

Lehman, T.M. 1996. A horned dinosaur from the El Picacho Formation of west Texas, and review of ceratopsian dinosaurs from the American Southwest. Journal of Paleontology, 70: 494-508.

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Lull, R. S. 1908. The cranial musculature and the origin of the frill in the ceratopsian dinosaurs. American Journal of Science, 25: 387-399.

Maryanska, T., and Osmólska, H. 1974. Pachycephalosauria, a new suborder of ornithischian dinosaurs. Palaeontologica Polonica, 30: 45-102.

Maryanska, T. Pachycephalosauria. In Weishampel, D. B., Dodson, P., and Osmólska, H. (Editors), The Dinosauria. University of California Press, Berkeley, California: 564-577.

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Parrish, J. M., Parrish, J. T., Hutchinson, J. H., and Spicer, R. A. 1987. Late Cretaceous vertebrate fossils from the North Slope of Alaska and implications for dinosaur ecology. Palaios, 2: 377-389.

Perle, A., Maryanska, T., and Osmolska, H. 1982. Goyocephale lattimorei gen. et sp. n., a new flat-headed pachycephalosaur (Ornithischia, Dinosauria) from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 27: 115-127.

Rogers, R. R., and Sampson, S. D. 1989. A drought-related mass death of ceratopsian dinosaurs (Reptilia; Ornithischia) from the Two Medicine Formation (Campanian) of Montana; behavioral implications . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 9, 3: 36A.

Rothschild, B. M. 1988. Stress fracture in a ceratopsian phalanx. Journal of Paleontology, 62: 302-303.

Sereno, P. C. 1986. Phylogeny of the bird-hipped dinosaurs (Order Ornithischia). National Geographic Research, 2: 234-256.

Sereno, P. C. 1990. Psittacosauridae. In Weishampel, D. B., Dodson, P., and Osmólska, H. (Editors), The Dinosauria. University of California Press, Berkeley, California: 579-592.

Spassov, N. B. 1979. Sexual selection and the evolution of horn-like structures of ceratopsian dinosaurs. Paleontologiya, Stratigrafiya i Litologiya, 11: 37-48.

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Chapter 16 - Bird Evolution and Dinosaur Extinctions

Alvarez, L.W., W. Alvarez, W., Asaro, F., and Michel, H. V. 1980. Extraterrestrial cause for the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary extinction. Science 208: 1095-1108.

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Courtillot, V., and McClinton, J. 1999. Evolutionary catastrophes: The science of mass extinction. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U. K.

d'Hondt, S., Pilson, M. E. Q., Sigurdsson, H., Hanson, A. K., and Carey, S. 1994. Surface water acidification and extinction at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. Geology 22: 983-986.

Dingus, L., and Rowe, T. 1997. The Mistaken Extinction: Dinosaur Evolution and the Origin of Birds. New York, W. H. Freeman.

Dingus, L. W. 1984. Effects of stratigraphic completeness on interpretations of extinction rates across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. Paleobiology 10: 420-438.

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Eldredge, N. 1991. The Miner's Canary: Unraveling the Mysteries of Extinction. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N. J.

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Gatesy, S. M., Middleton, K. M. 1997. Bipedalism, flight, and the evolution of theropod locomotor diversity. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 17: 308-329.

Hallam, A. 1990. The end-Triassic mass extinction event. Geological Society of America Special Paper 247: 577-583.

Hildebrand, A. R., Penfield, G. T., Kring, D. A., Pilkington, D., Camargo, A., Jacobsen, S. B., and Boynton, W. V. 1991. Chicxulub Crater: A possible Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary impact crater on the Yucatan peninsula. Geology 19: 867-871.

Horner, J. R., de Ricqlès, A., and Padian, K. 1999. Variation in dinosaur skeletochronology indicators: Implications for age assessment and physiology. Paleobiology, 25: 295-304.

Hurlbert, S. H., and Archibald, J. D. 1995. No statistical support for sudden (or gradual) extinction of dinosaurs. Geology, 23: 881-884.

Johnson, K. 1997. Hell Creek Flora. In Currie, P., and K. Padian (Editors), Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs, New York, Academic Press: 300-302.

Kring, D. A., 1995. The dimensions of the Chicxulub impact crater and impact melt sheet. Journal of Geophysical Research 100: 16979-16986.

Kyte, F. T. 1998. A meteorite from the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary. Nature 396: 237-239.

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Lofgren, D. L., Hotton, C. L., and Runkel, A. C. 1990. Reworking of Cretaceous dinosaurs into Paleocene channel deposits, upper Hell Creek Formation, Montana. Geology, 18: 874-877.

Novas, F. E., and Puerta, P. F. 1997. New evidence concerning avian origins from the late Cretaceous of Patagonia. Nature, 387: 390-392.

O'Connor, M. P., and Dodson, P. 1999. Biophysical constraints on the thermal ecology of dinosaurs. Paleobiology, 25: 341-368.

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