Both divisions of autonomic nervous system, sympathetic and parasympathetic, participate in the regulation of innate immune responses during various physiological as well as pathological conditions including cancer. Sympathetic nervous system influences cancer genesis and progression by direct innervation of the immune organs, regulating their activities by release of norepinephrine and by hormones released by adrenal medulla. The role of parasympathetic nervous system, particularly the vagal nerve, in regulation of immune functions is perused well too. Recently a lot of attention has been paid to the influence of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (efferent arm of the vagal nerve) on the cancer genesis and growth. The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway represents highly effective mechanism which participates in the inhibition of elevated levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. TNF, IL-1b, IL-6) and it might create basis for efficient suppressor of cancer growth accompanied by inflammation. In this study we investigated influence of subdiaphragmatic vagotomy and chemical sympathectomy on survival of tumor-bearing animals. We used male Wistar rats in which were performed subdiaphragmatic vagotomy or chemical sympathectomy by administration of 6-hydroxydopamine (100mg/1kg BW). One week after the chemical sympathectomy each animal was intraperitoneally injected with Yoshida AH 130 cancer cells dispersed in phosphate buffer. In case of subdiaphragmatic vagotomy, after recovery rats were injected with Yoshida AH 130 cancer cells dispersed in phosphate buffer too. We determined body weight, food and water intake and survival period of animals. We found that survival of animals undergone chemical sympathectomy was significantly shortened (mean survival 15.2 ± 0.9 days) in comparison with control animals injected only with cancer cells (mean survival 18.7 ± 0.6 days). Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy only slightly shortened rats survival (mean survival 18.3 ± 0.8 days) compared to sham operated animals injected with cancer cells (mean survival 21.4 ± 0.8 days). Our results suggest that sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems attenuate tumor progression of Yoshida AH 130 ascitic cells in Wistar rats. These data indicate that the brain might exert modulatory influence on peripheral tumor growth via autonomic nervous system.