Previous studies provided demonstration of functional reorganization of the occipital cortex in early blind (EB) humans, associated to superior abilities in the use of their remaining senses. While auditory and tactile functions have been investigated for long time, little is known about olfactory function in this population. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential effects of congenital blindness on olfactory abilities, as well as, the brain areas recruited during odor stimulation. Eight EB and eight sighted control participants were tested using the Sniffin's Sticks Test ®and a retronasal olfactory test. The cerebral cartography was obtained by Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (LORETA®) through Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) recorded in response to olfactory stimulation with 2-Phenyl ethyl alcohol and to trigeminal stimulation with CO2. Psychophysical testing indicated that EB subjects obtained better scores for "odor detection threshold " (p=0.017) and "odor discrimination" (p < 0.05). The cerebral cartography revealed similar activation of the occipital cortex in the two groups of subjects and a posterior shift of brain activity in EB subjects, significant for trigeminal responses in the precuneus (BA 7). These findings suggested that early blind subjects have an advantage in odor detection and react with a recruitment of posterior brain areas to odor stimulation, mainly during a somato-sensory stimulation in the sense of smell.