Maximal anaerobic power, the ability to perform highly intensive work per unit of time using prevalently the immediate mechanism of ATP replenishment (ATP ? CP system) and the anaerobic glycolysis, is a determinant factor for the success in a variety of sports. Purpose of this study was to find out gender differences in anaerobic power and capacity in Physical Education and Sport students56 female (age 22.72 years old ± 1.96, body mass 60.7 Kg ± 6.06, stature 1.69 m ± 0.06 and body mass index 21.19 Kg.m-2 ± 1.92,mean ± standard deviation) and 152 male (23.34 years old ± 2.14, 77.3 Kg ± 7.85, 1.82 m ± 0.06 and 23.28 ± 1.93 Kg.m-2 ) students realized the 30-sec Wingate anaerobic test. Significantly higher values in the main indexes of the test, peak power (PP) (63.36 % in absolute and 28.03 % in relative to body mass values), mean power (MP) (60.76 % in absolute and 26.06 % in relative to body mass values) and fatigue index (8.15 %) were achieved by men with respect to female students. Female and male students revealed similar and high correlation between body mass and power parameters in absolute values (r=0.79 and r=0.81 for PP and r=0.79 and r=0.82 for MP, correspondingly). These results were consistent with the existing theory and previous findings. Key words: ergometry, Wingate test, men, women, ATP-CP, anaerobic glycolysis