Vessel diameters continuously change in response to feedback signals derived from vascular function including blood flow (shear stress), blood pressure (circumferential wall stress) and tissue metabolic state. Many components and mechanisms of angioadaptation have been described. However, the complex interaction of functional stimuli, molecular mediators, cellular reactions and resulting functional properties of vascular beds is still poorly understood. Integrative approaches, including the analysis and extrapolation of experimental findings by mathematical models are thus needed.For the structural adaptation of existing vessels (remodeling), mathematical models have been presented which allow prediction of realistic vascular properties based on a generic set of adaptation characteristics. These models allow a quantitative analysis of the relation between vascular reaction patterns to mechanical stimuli and properties of terminal vascular beds including situations with aberrant adaptive properties or systemic conditions. In the future, mathematical model simulations of angiogenic processes which include the molecular level will be useful not only to understand the involved mechanisms in a quantitative fashion, but also to define possible targets for effective therapeutic interventionsand to predict the corresponding effects.