| ADP-Rib |
adenosine(5')diphospho(5)-b-D-ribose |
| AIDS |
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
| AMP, ADP and ATPa |
adenosine 5'-phosphate, 5'-diphosphate and 5'-triphosphate |
| Boc |
butyloxycarbonyl |
| bp |
base pairs |
| BSA |
bovine serum albumin |
| cAMP |
adenosine 3',5'-phosphate |
| CD |
circular dichroism |
| Chaps |
3-[(3-chloamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-1propanesulfonic acid |
| CMP, CDP and CTP a |
cytidine 5'-phosphate, 5'-diphosphate and 5'-triphosphate |
| CoA(or CoASH) |
coenzyme A |
| CoASAc |
acetyl-coenzyme A |
| COSY |
correlation spectroscopy |
| 1D/2D/3D |
one-, two- and three-dimensional |
| DEAE-cellulose |
O-(diethylaminoethyl)-cellulose |
DNA, cDNA, mtDNA, nDNA,
snDNA, ssDNA. dsDNA |
decoxyribonucleic acid, complementary DNA, mitochondrial DNA, nuclear
DNA,
small nuclear DNA, single-stranded DNA, double-stranded DNA |
| DQF |
double quantum-filtered |
| EDTA |
ethylenediaminetetraacetate |
| EGTA |
[ethylenebis(oxonitrilo)]tetraacetic acid |
| ELISA |
enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay |
| EPR |
electron paramagnetic resonance |
| ESI |
electro spray ionization |
| ESR |
electron spin resonance |
| FAD |
flavin-adenine dinucleotide |
| FMN |
riboflavin 5'-phosphate |
| Fmoc |
fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonyl |
| FPLC |
fast protein liquid chromatography |
| FT |
Fourier transform |
| FTIR |
Fourier transform infra red |
| GC |
gas chromatography |
| GLC |
gas-liquid chromatography |
| GMP, GDP and GTPa |
guanosine 5'-phosphate, 5'-diphosphate and 5'-triphosphate |
| Hb, HbCO and HbO2 |
haemoglobin, carbon-monoxide haemoglobin, and oxyhaemoglobin |
| HIV |
human immunodeficiency virus |
| HMQC |
heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence |
| HOHAHA |
homonuclear Hartmann–Hahn spectroscopy |
| HPLC |
high performance liquid chromatography |
| HPTLC |
high performance thin-layer chromatography |
| IEF |
isoelectric focussing |
| IgA, etc. |
immunoglobulin A, etc. |
| IMP, IDP and ITPa |
inosine 5'-phosphate, 5'-diphosphate |
| IR |
infra red |
| kb |
103 bases |
| mAb |
monoclonal antibody |
| Mb, MbCO and.MbO2 |
myoglobin, carbon-monoxide myoglobin, and oxymyoglobin |
| MALDI |
matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization |
| MALDI-TOF |
matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization-time of flight |
| MS |
mass spectrometry |
| NAD, NAD+ and NADH |
nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide and its oxidized and reduced forms |
| NADP, NADP+ and NADPH |
nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate and its oxidized and
reduced forms |
| NMN |
nicotinamide mononucleotide |
| NMP, NDP and NTPa |
unspecified nucleoside 5'-phosphate, 5'-diphosphate
and 5'-triphosphate |
| NMR |
nuclear magnetic resonance |
| NOE |
nuclear Overhauser enhancement |
| NOESY |
NOE spectroscopy |
| ORF |
open reading frame |
| PAGE |
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis |
| PCR |
polymerase chain reaction |
| poly(A), etc. |
(3'-5')poly(adenylic acid), etc. |
| RACE |
rapid amplification of cDNA ends |
| RIA |
radioimmunaassay |
| rmsd |
root-mean-square deviation |
RNA, hnRNA, mRNA,
mtRNA, nRNA, rRNA and tRNA |
ribonucleic acid, heterogeneous nuclear RNA, messenger RNA,
mitochondrial RNA, nuclear RNA, ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA |
| RNP |
ribonucleoprotein |
| ROESY |
rotating Overhauser effect spectroscopy |
| RP-HPLC |
reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography |
| RT-PCR |
reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction |
| SDS |
sodium dodecyl sulfate |
| TLC |
thin-layer chromatography |
| TMP, TDP and TTPa |
ribosylthymine 5'-phosphate, 5'-diphosphate and 5'-triphosphate |
| TOCSY |
total correlation spectroscopy |
| U |
unit |
| UDP-Glc |
uridine(5')diphospho(l)-a-D-glucose |
| UMP, UDP and UTPa |
uridine 5'-phosphate, 5'-diphosphate, and 5'-triphosphate |
| UTR |
untranslated region |
| UV |
ultraviolet |
| XMP, XDP and XTPa |
xanthosine 5'-phosphate, 5'-diphosphate and 5'-triphosphateb |