Journal of Ecology 2001, 89 (6), . DOI: 10.1046/j.0022-0477.2001.00641.x
Supplementary Material

Appendix 1 Tree and shrub habitat associations within the BCI 50-ha forest plot.

Table S1  The relative density of stems (Rel. den.) and results of tests of habitat association (Stats.) for each species with > 65 stems within the five focal habitats of the 50-ha plot on Barro Colorado Island, Panama, in 1990. Significant associations (a = 0.05) are indicated by a letter designating the test ('X' for Chi-square, 'R' for randomized habitats and 'T' for torus translations), as well as '+' to indicate positive and '–' to indicate negative associations. Species names are those used in Croat (1978) or Condit et al. (1996).
SpeciesLow plateauHigh plateauSlopeStreamsideSwamp
Rel. den.Stats.Rel. den.Stats.Rel. den.Stats.Rel. den.Stats.Rel. den.Stats.
Acalypha diversifolia0.002515X–0.003466 0.004150X+0.007396X+ T+0.005961 
Adelia triloba0.000775 0.002985X+0.000541X–0.000528 0 
Aegiphila panamensis0.000451 0.000193 0.000289 0.000352 0.000298 
Alchornea costaricensis0.001163 0.000835 0.001029 0.000352 0 
Alibertia edulis0.001772 0.001059 0.001065 0.002465 0.005961X+ R+ T+
Allophyllus psilospermus0.000577 0.000963 0.000541 0.000704 0 
Alseis blackiana0.033326 0.036879X+0.029484X–0.023244X–0.014903X– T–
Anaxagorea panamensis0.000490X–0X–0.009491X+0X–0 
Andira inermis0.001163 0.001509 0.001353 0.000880 0.000596 
Annona acuminata0.001811X–0.001476 0.002274 0.005107X+0.019970X+ R+ T+
Annona spraguei0.000664 0.000257 0.000614 0.000176 0.000894 
Apeiba membranacea0.001313 0.001091 0.001335 0.002641 0.001788 
Ardisia fendleri0.000237 0.000353 0.000614X+0.000528 0 
Aspidosperma cruenta0.001471X–0.002953X+0.002851X+0.000880 0.000298 
Astrocaryum standleyanum0.000680T–0.000802 0.000812 0.000704 0.007750X+ R+ T+
Astronium graveolens0.000269 0.000546 0.000162 0.000880 0.000298 
Bactris major0.000087X– R– T–0.000353 0.000162X–0 0.045306X+ R+ T+
Beilschmiedia pendula0.012032 0.004718X–0.017377X+ R+ T+0.007220X–0.000298X– R– T–
Brosimum alicastrum0.003575 0.004429 0.003501 0.008276X+ R+ T+0.001788 
Calophyllum longifolium0.003022X–0.000835X– R– T–0.007651X+ R+ T+0.002113 0.003279 
Capparis frondosa0.010956X– T–0.021440X+0.016078X+0.025533X+ T+0.010134 
Casearia aculeata0.001653 0.002889X+0.001859 0.002289 0.000596 
Casearia arborea0.000878 0.000706 0.000523 0.000704 0.000298 
Casearia sylvestris0.000831 0.000642 0.000812 0.001233 0.001788 
Cassipourea elliptica0.003971 0.002568X–0.003104 0.002113 0.021162X+ R+ T+
Cecropia insignis0.001788 0.002054 0.001389 0.000704 0.000596 
Celtis schippii0.000562 0.000385 0.000974X+ R+ T+0.000528 0.000596 
Cestrum megalophyllum0.000514 0.000321 0.001119X+ R+ T+0.001761X+ T+0.001788 
Chamguava schippii0.002073X+0.000032X–0.000036X– T–0.000176 0.002683 
Chrysochlamys eclipes0.001005X– R– T–0.000193X– R– T–0.004421X+ R+ T+0.004754X+0 
Chrysophyllum argenteum0.002745 0.002792 0.003212 0.003346 0.002981 
Chrysophyllum cainito0.000285R– T–0.000706 0.000415 0.000176 0.002385X+ R+ T+
Coccoloba coronata0.000712 0.000770 0.000758 0.001585 0.000596 
Coccoloba manzanillensis0.002239 0.001637 0.001335X– T–0.001585 0.002385 
Conostegia cinnamomea0.000411X– R– T–0.000642 0.001841X+ R+ T+0.002993X+ R+ T+0.002086 
Cordia alliodora0.000498 0.000642 0.000271 0.001057 0.001192 
Cordia bicolor0.005537X+0.001637X–0.003717 0.002465 0.005067 
Cordia lasiocalyx0.006083X–0.006323 0.009906X+ R+ T+0.008100 0.011624X+
Coussarea curvigemmia0.012245X+ T+0.002600X–0.002653X– T–0.002465X–0.007750 
Croton billbergianus0.004477 0.001765X–0.002165X–0.009509X+0.028316X+ R+ T+
Cupania rufescens0.000522 0.000064 0.000162 0 0.002981X+ R+ T+
Cupania sylvatica0.005308 0.005039 0.003627X–0.005459 0X– R– T–
Dendropanax arboreus0.000625 0.000321 0.000523 0.000176 0.000894 
Desmopsis panamensis0.048229X–0.069457X+ R+0.046681X–0.043494 0.046498 
Diospyros artanthifolia0.000411 0.000032 0.000271 0.000176 0.000298 
Drypetes standleyi0.006265X–0.011747X+0.018477X+ T+0.001937X–0.000894X–
Erythrina costaricensis0.000688 0.000449 0.001065R+ T+0.001057 0.000298 
Erythroxylum multiflorum0.001258 0.001188 0.001480 0.000528 0R– T–
Erythroxylum panamense0.000356 0.000353 0.000523 0.000528 0.001192 
Eugenia colouradensis0.003488 0.004076 0.003428 0.002993 0.001490 
Eugenia galalonensis0.005806 0.008987X+ R+ T+0.004277X– T–0.002289X– T–0.004471 
Eugenia nesiotica0.002160 0.003178X+0.001913 0.003346 0.001192 
Eugenia oerstedeana0.010426 0.010239 0.008589 0.004226X– T–0.005663 
Faramea occidentalis0.119549X+0.136025X+0.068947X– R– T–0.097024 0.126379X+
Garcinia intermedia0.017332 0.027057X+ R+ T+0.016041X–0.010389X–0.014605 
Garcinia madruno0.002096 0.001830 0.002382 0.005459X+ T+0.000298 
Genipa americana0.000340 0.000321 0.000361 0.000880 0.001490X+ R+ T+
Guapira standleyanum0.000870 0.001091 0.000595 0.000528 0.000298 
Guarea guidonia0.005450X– T–0.009661 0.012306X+ T+0.016024X+ T+0.016990X+
Guarea sp. nov.0.004904X– T–0.006740 0.006532 0.008804X+ T+0.004769 
Guatteria dumetorum0.006051 0.002375X– R– T–0.009401X+ R+ T+0.004754 0.001192X– T–
Guettarda foliacea0.001400 0.001541 0.001119R– T–0.002641 0.002086 
Gustavia superba0.001337X– R– T–0.003819X+0.001606 0.005635X+0.001192 
Hamelia axillaris0.000403 0.000160 0.000451 0.001233R+ T+0.001788X+ R+ T+
Hasseltia floribunda0.003235 0.002471X–0.004168 0.007396X+ R+ T+0.009836X+ R+ T+
Heisteria acuminata0.000435 0.000128T–0.000632 0.000528 0.000894 
Heisteria concinna0.004177 0.004654 0.004042 0.005459 0.003279 
Herrania purpurea0.002428 0.001284X– R– T–0.002346 0.003874T+0.001788 
Hirtella triandra0.020076 0.007992X– R– T–0.031722X+ R+ T+0.021659 0.009836X–
Hura crepitans0.000364 0.000770 0.000614 0.000528 0.001788X+ R+ T+
Hybanthus prunifolius0.174106X+0.160547 0.155759X–0.128720X–0.030104X– R– T–
Hyeronima alcheornoides0.000324 0.000193 0.000451 0.000352 0.002981X+ R+ T+
Inga cocleensis0.001566X+ R+ T+0.000032X– R– T–0.000325X– T–0.001409 0.000894 
Inga fagifolia0.000348 0.000225 0.000198 0.000352 0.003577X+ R+ T+
Inga goldmanii0.001772 0.001059X– R– T–0.002472R+ T+0.001585 0.005961X+ R+ T+
Inga marginata0.002334X–0.002760 0.004637X+ R+ T+0.002465 0.002086 
Inga pezizifera0.000277X–0.001027 0.001714X+0.002465X+0 
Inga quaternata0.002848 0.002536 0.004818X+ R+ T+0.003346 0.001490 
Inga sp. nov.0.001353 0.001348 0.001299 0.000176 0 
Inga sapindoides0.001432 0.001252 0.001462 0.001761 0.000298R– T–
Inga umbellifera0.004991X+ T+0.003306 0.003645 0.006163 0.000894R– T–
Jacaranda copaia0.001535X+0.000578X–0.000920 0.001057 0.001192 
Lacistema aggregatum0.008211X+0.003691X– R– T–0.006604 0.011094X+0.002683R– T–
Lacmellea panamensis0.000388 0.000417 0.000235R– T–0.000880 0.001490X+ R+ T+
Laetia thamnia0.003370X+ R+ T+0.000674X–0.000740X– T–0.001409 0.001788 
Licania hypoleuca0.000712 0.000353 0.000451 0 0 
Licania platypus0.001084 0.000128X–0.002761X+ T+0.001937 0.000298 
Lindackeria laurina0.000380 0.000257 0.000144R– T–0.000176 0.003279X+ R+ T+
Lonchocarpus latifolia0.004240X+0.001797X–0.003681 0.003170 0.002385 
Luehea seemannii0.000823 0.000899 0.000614 0.001057 0.005663X+ R+ T+
Macrocnemum glabrescens0.000245 0.000257 0.000523 0.003346X+ R+ T+0 
Malmea sp. nov.0.001740 0.000385X– R– T–0.001588 0.001057 0.004769X+ R+ T+
Maquira costaricana0.005790 0.005970 0.007867X+ R+ T+0.010213X+ T+0.001788X– R– T–
Maytenus schippii0.000388 0.000225 0.000433 0.000704 0.000298 
Miconia affinis0.002626X+0.000514X–0.000740X–0.001585 0.003279 
Miconia argentea0.003552 0.003370 0.002256X– R– T–0.002641 0.024143X+ R+ T+
Miconia nervosa0.001883X+0.000514X–0.000379X–0.000176 0.005663X+
Mouriri myrtilloides0.037424X+ T+0.028502 0.019614X– T–0.031167 0.028316 
Nectandra cissiflora0.002017X+0.000160X–0.000938 0.000352 0 
Nectandra globosa0.000309 0.000770 0.000740 0.000352 0.000596 
Nectandra purpurea0.000411 0.000160 0.000289 0.001233X+ T+0 
Ocotea cernua0.001511 0.001123 0.001263 0.001409 0.001788 
Ocotea oblonga0.000815 0.000546 0.001191R+ T+0T–0 
Ocotea puberula0.001194X+0.000225X– R– T–0.000722 0.000880 0.000894 
Ocotea whitei0.001329X– T–0.000610X–0.009870X+ R+ T+0.004226 0X–
Oenocarpus mapoura0.008187 0.004269X–0.006749 0.007748 0.020864X+ R+ T+
Olmedia aspera0.000688X–0.000321X–0.002851X+ T+0.003698X+0.000298 
Ormosia macrocalyx0.000483 0.000546 0.000235T–0.000528 0.000298 
Ouratea lucens0.006534X+ R+ T+0.003755X–0.003086X– R– T–0.008276X+0.001490R– T–
Palicourea guianensis0.007507X+0.002889X–0.002833X– T–0.001585X–0.032489X+ R+ T+
Pentagonia macrophylla0.001709 0.001252 0.002725X+ R+ T+0.004050X+ R+ T+0.000298T–
Perebea xanthochyma0.001867X+0X–0.000650X–0.000176 0 
Phoebe cinnamomifolia0.000356 0.000353 0.000325 0.000880 0.000596 
Picramnia latifolia0.003757X–0.004847 0.007380X+ T+0.005107 0.001788 
Piper aequale0.000198X–0.000064 0.000758X+ R+ T+0.002641X+ R+ T+0 
Piper cordulatum0.009136X+ T+0.005553X–0.005937X–0.004578 0.001192X– T–
Piper perlasense0.000087X– R– T–0.000160 0.000938X+ R+ T+0 0 
Piper reticulatum0.000506 0.000289T–0.000992X+ R+ T+0.000528 0.002086X+ R+ T+
Platymiscium pinnatum0.000767 0.000449 0.000650 0.001057 0.000894 
Platypodium elegans0.000736 0.000546 0.000487 0.001233 0.001490 
Posoqueria latifolia0.000372 0.000128 0.000253 0.000528 0.000596 
Poulsenia armata0.006360X–0.002889X– R–0.019362X+ R+ T+0.014439X+0.000894X–
Pouteria reticulata0.007183 0.008153 0.006767 0.007748 0.013115X+ R+ T+
Prioria copaifera0.007681X+0.004076X–0.004619X–0.005987 0.001192X–
Protium costaricense0.003520 0.002183X–0.005413X+ R+ T+0.005283 0X– R– T–
Protium panamense0.015433X+0.004429X– R–0.013623 0.020074X+0.001192X– R– T–
Protium tenuifolium0.012308 0.007575X–0.018008X+0.018313X+0.002385X– R– T–
Psychotria grandis0.000253 0X– T–0.000541 0 0.003577X+ R+ T+
Psychotria horizontalis0.020519X–0.036526X+0.017846X–0.019898 0.029508X+
Psychotria marginata0.003449X+0.001830X–0.001931X–0.000704 0.006259X+
Pterocarpus rohrii0.007855 0.005232X–0.006622 0.007220 0.008346 
Quararibea asterolepis0.007539X– T–0.013962X+0.011386X+0.014263X+0.001490X– R– T–
Quassia amara0.000625 0.000546 0.000722 0.000704 0.001192 
Randia armata0.004580 0.006034X+0.003266X– R– T–0.006339 0.005365 
Rinorea sylvatica0.008353X–0.014540X+0.012180X+0.009333 0.001490X–
Senna dariensis0.000403 0.000481 0.000595 0.000880 0.000596 
Simarouba amara0.006819X+ T+0.003113X–0.004168X–0.004930 0.008346 
Siparuna pauciflora0.000957X– R– T–0.001605 0.001967X+ R+ T+0.001233 0.000298 
Sloanea terniflora0.002729 0.001509X–0.002598 0.005107X+0R– T–
Socratea exorrhiza0.003488 0.000225X– R–0.003970X+0.001937 0X–
Solanum hayesii0.000309 0.000128 0.000505 0 0.000596 
Sorocea affinis0.014152 0.009533X– R– T–0.014652 0.017433 0.009240 
Spondias mombin0.000293 0.000032 0.000036X– T–0.003170X+ R+ T+0.002981X+
Spondias radlkoferi0.000838 0.000385 0.001191 0.001057 0.001788 
Stylogyne standleyi0.002753 0.002728 0.003320 0.002641 0.013115X+ R+ T+
Swartzia simplex vs. grandiflora0.009200X–0.020863X+ R+ T+0.006983X–0.004578X–0.007750 
Swartzia simplex vs. ochnacea0.012688X+0.007350X–0.011783 0.015144 0.000894X– R– T–
Symphonia globulifera0.000459X–0.000160X– R–0.001606X+ R+ T+0.002817X+ T+0 
Tabebuia rosea0.000965R– T–0.000963 0.001245 0.002641 0.013115X+ R+ T+
Tabernaemontana arborea0.006328 0.004076X–0.005197 0.005811 0.020566X+ R+ T+
Tachigalia versicolor0.014088 0.007767X–0.016023X+0.008628 0.003279X–
Talisia nervosa0.002832 0.004782X+0.003446 0.002113 0.001490 
Talisia princeps0.001875X– T–0.005264X+ R+0.002905 0.002289 0.004471 
Terminalia oblonga0.000530 0X–0.000451 0 0 
Tetragastris panamensis0.019871X+ T+0.009597X–0.016078 0.015672 0.013711 
Thevetia ahouai0.000119X– R– T–0.000064 0.000325 0.001585X+0.011624X+ R+ T+
Trattinnickia aspera0.000403 0.000193 0.000379 0.000176 0.000894 
Trichilia pallida0.002191 0.003466X+0.001083X– R– T–0.003170 0.006855X+ R+ T+
Trichilia tuberculata0.039765X– T–0.091090X+0.057110X+0.058813 0.057526 
Triplaris cumingiana0.000775X– T–0.002857X+ R+ T+0.000938 0.001585 0.011326X+ R+ T+
Trophis racemosa0.001068 0.000995 0.002075X+ T+0.001233 0.001788 
Turpinia occidentalis0.000372 0.000449 0.000289 0.000352 0 
Unonopsis pittieri0.002800X–0.001797X–0.006153X+ R+ T+0.001937 0.000298 
Virola sebifera0.008733 0.006548X–0.010213X+0.007572 0.002683X– T–
Virola surinamensis0.000720X– R– T–0.000449X–0.002039X+ R+ T+0.002113 0.001490 
Vismia baccifera0.000309 0.000064 0.000217 0 0.003875X+ R+ T+
Xylopia macrantha0.002808X–0.002760X–0.010556X+ T+0.000352X–0.000596X–
Xylosma oligandrum0.000562 0.000931 0.000523 0.002465X+ R+ T+0 
Zanthoxylum belizense0.001194 0.000610 0.001010 0.000528 0 
Zanthoxylum panamense0.001092 0.000899 0.000866 0.000528 0.000298 
Zanthoxylum procerum0.000886 0.000225X–0.000758 0.000176 0.000596