For a selection of primary sources of relevance to this section, see Alister E. McGrath, The Christian Theology Reader Second Edition (Oxford/Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 2001), chapter 1.

The History of Theology as a Discipline
Gillian R. Evans, Old Arts and New Theology: The Beginnings of Theology as an Academic Discipline (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1980).
-, Alister E. McGrath and Alan D. Galloway, The Science of Theology (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1986).

Edward Parley, Theologia: The Fragmentation and Unity of Theological Education (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1983).

Wolfhart Pannenberg, Theology and the Philosophy of Science (London: Darton, Longman and Todd, 1976).

The following work is especially recommended as an introduction to the various aspects of the history of Christian theology:
Jaroslav Pelikan, The Christian Tradition: A History of the Development of Doctrine, 5 vols (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989). The five volumes of this excellent study are arranged as follows:

1 The Emergence of the Catholic Tradition (100-600)
2 The Spirit of Eastern Christendom (600-1700)
3 The Growth of Medieval Theology (600-1300)
4 Reformation of Church and Dogma (1300-1700)
5 Christian Doctrine and Modern Culture (since 1700).

The following are also useful:

Justo L. Gonzalez, A History of Christian Thought, 3 vols (Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press, 1975).

Bernhard Lohse, A Short History of Christian Doctrine (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1966).

Alister E. McGrath, Historical Theology: An Introduction (Oxford/Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 1998).

William C. Placher, A History of Christian Theology (Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1983).

D. J. Atkinson and D. H. Field (eds), New Dictionary of Christian Ethics and Pastoral Theology (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1995).

David Deeks, Pastoral Theology: An Inquiry (London: Epworth Press, 1987).

D. S. Browning, A Fundamental Practical Theology (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1991).

E. E. Ellis, Pauline Theology: Ministry and Society (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1989).

Robert Allen Krupp, Shepherding the Flock of God: The Pastoral Theology of John Chrysostom (New York/London: Peter Lang, 1991).

Thomas C. Oden, Pastoral Theology (San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1983).
Derek Tidball, Skilful Shepherds: An Introduction to Pastoral Theology (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1986).

The following are very useful as introductions to this general field, and are all worth exploring. The annotations indicate the kind of approach adopted by their authors.

C. E. Braaten and R. W. Jenson (eds), Christian Dogmatics, 2 vols (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1984). Very demanding, and written from an explicitly Lutheran perspective; however, it is worth the trouble to read, especially its essays relating to revelation and the doctrine of God.

Millard J. Erickson, Christian Theology Second Edition (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1998). Written from a broadly Baptist and evangelical perspective.
Francis F. Fiorenza and John P. Galvin, Systematic Theology: Roman Catholic Perspectives, 2 vols (Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1991); also published as a single-volume edition (Dublin: Gill and Macmillan, 1992). An excellent overview of the leading themes of systematic theology from a

Wayne Grudem, Systematic Theology: An Introduction to Biblical Doctrine (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1994). A good statement of a very conservative evangelical approach to theology.

P. Hodgson and R. King (eds), Christian Theology (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1982); also available in an expanded edition, with two extra essays on theological method and the sacraments respectively. Written from a generally liberal perspective; stronger on more recent discussions of classic questions.

John Macquarrie, Principles of Christian Theology (London: SCM Press, 1966), and also in a later revised edition. The existentialist approach adopted in this work seems a little dated now, but it is still useful to provoke a student's thinking.

Daniel E. Migliore, Faith Seeking Understanding (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1991). A useful overview of all the main areas of theology from a generally Reformed perspective by a highly stimulating and engaging writer.
Bruce Milne, Know the Truth: A Handbook of Christian Belief (leicester: Inter-Varsity Press, 1982), many reprints. A standard conservative evangelical introduction to biblical theology.

David Brown, "Philosophical Theology," in A. E. McGrath (ed.), The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Modern Christian Thought (Oxford/Cambridge, MA: Blackwell, 1993), 434-40.

Leo Elders, The Philosophical Theology of St Thomas Aquinas (Leiden: Brill, 1990).

Austin Farrer, Reflective Faith: Essays in Philosophical Theology (London: SPCK, 1972).

Hans Küng, The Incarnation of God: An Introduction to Hegel's Theological Thought (Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1987).

Sang Hyun Lee, The Philosophical Theology of Jonathan Edwards (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1988).

Thomas V. Morris, Our Idea of God: An Introduction to Philosophical Theology (Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 1991).

Alvin J. Plantinga (ed.), The Ontological Argument (London: Macmillan, 1968).

Carl A. Raschke (ed.), New Dimensions in Philosophical Theology (Missoula, MT: American Academy of Religion, 1982).

T. Sheenan, Karl Rahner: The Philosophical Foundations (Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 1987).

Allan B. Wolter and Marilyn McCord Adams (eds), The Philosophical Theology of John Duns Scotus (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1990).

Carl E. Braaten, "Prolegomena to Christian Dogmatics," in C. E. Braaten and R. W. Jenson (eds), Christian Dogmatics, 2 vols (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1984), vol. 1, 5-78.

C. Stephen Evans, Philosophy of Religion: Thinking about Faith (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1982).

Basil Mitchell, The Justification of Religious Belief (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1981).

Wolfhart Pannenberg, Theology and the Philosophy of Science (London: Darton, Longman and Todd, 1976), 3-22.

Richard G. Swinburne, Faith and Reason (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981).

Nicolas Wolterstorff, Reason within the Bounds of Religion, 2nd edn (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1984).