The cerebellum is supposed to communicate with other brain circuits over specific frequency bands. We show that at the cerebellum input stage, the granular layer generates its maximum response, when the input bursts conveyed through the mossy fibers are organized in theta-frequency patterns between 5 Hz and 7 Hz. This resonant behavior can be observed in vivo following tactile sensory stimulation of the whisker pad at almost identical frequency as in vitro following mossy fiber-bundle stimulation. The spatial analysis of granular layer activity performed using voltage-sensitive dye imaging revealed that resonance occurs over large granular layer areas. In single granule cells, resonance generated by short mossy fiber bursts appeared as an increased number of emitted spikes along with an anticipation and increased temporal precision of the first spike. Resonance persisted in the presence of the GABAA receptor blocker, gabazine. Simulations revealed that resonance depends on specific ionic channels expressed in granule cell (specifically the M- and A-currents acting as resonators and the persistent Na current and NMDA current acting as amplifiers). Therefore, intrinsic granular cell properties could enhance granular layer activation by patterned mossy fiber inputs. Resonance may play an important role for tuning cerebellar responsiveness toward the theta-frequency signals transmitted by the cerebral cortex and peripheral sensory structures in specific functional states.