This commemorative report is dedicated to remember Italian Physiologists for the 150th Anniversary of Italy's Unification. Many physiologists were not extraneous to the Italian historical and political events also contributing to the Unification of our Country. Some physiologists participated at the Independence Wars (Albertoni, Albini, Moriggia, Peyrani, and Sertoli) while others (Ceradini, Herlitzka and Paladino) took parts to insurrection revolts. During the First World War, Professors Amantea, Artom, Clementi, Rossi, and Viale were decorated to the military values. In Ethiopian War, a silver medal was conferred to Camis, while in the Second World War, Boeri and Bergami received other recognitions for their precious collaboration to the "Marina Regia". In Turin and in Milan, Talenti and Margaria concluded some researches about the respiratory system for the Italian Air Force settled in Guidonia. During the Fascist persecution (1938) five full Professors of Jewish descent were evicted: Artom (Palermo), Camis (Bologna), Foà (Milan), Herlitzka (Turin) and Lombroso (Genoa). Indeed, several physiologists were elected to the Chamber of Deputies and Senate (Albertoni, Brancati, Fano, Luciani, Moleschott, Mosso, Quagliariello and others). Finally, Prof. Gaetano Martino (University of Messina) became the President of the Chamber, Public Education and Foreign Affaire Minister and also the President of the European Parliament. Overall, this brief review is addressed to all physiologists, but specifically to young researchers, so that they will never forget the scientific and human contribution of distinguished Teachers who taught the highest values of science, unit and peace in the last century and half.