The Secretory Pathway Ca²⁺ -ATPase isoform 1 (SPCA1) is a relatively new type of pump identified in the nervous system, which mediates the accumulation of Ca²⁺ or Mn²⁺ with high affinity into the Golgi reservoirs. In this study, we have analyzed the distribution and activity pattern of the SPCA1 pump in the mouse brain during postnatal development (days 0 till 30). SPCA1 is highly expressed in cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum from the earliest stages, as shown by RT-PCR and Western-blot assays. The SPCA-associated Ca²⁺ -ATPase activity (SERCA and PMCA are blocked) in extracts of these brain areas showed an increase with development. Immunohistochemical assays in combination with confocal microscopy pointed to the localization of SPCA1 in Golgi stacks of the main neurons, and this localization evolved with the maturation of the different neural cells. The spatio-temporal expression pattern of SPCA1 observed in this study suggests a potential role in intracellular signaling and in Golgi secretory processes involved in morphogenesis and functional maturation of the nervous system.